華嚴經探玄記 3.17

3.17

第十八聲者，依西國法，若欲尋讀內外典藉，要解聲論八轉聲法，若不明知必不能知文義分齊。一補盧沙，此是直指陳聲，如人斫樹，指說其人。二補盧私，是所作業聲，如所作斫樹。三補盧崽拏，是能作具聲，如由斧斫。四補盧沙耶，是所為聲，如為人斫。五補盧沙䫂，是所因聲，如因人造舍等。六補盧殺娑，是所屬聲，如奴屬主。七補盧鎩，是所依聲，如客依主。《瑜伽》第二，名上七種為七例句，以是起解大例故。聲論八轉，更加𭛸補盧沙，是呼召之聲。然此八聲有其三種：一男聲、二女聲、三非男非女聲。此上且約男聲說之，以梵語名丈夫為補盧沙故。又此八聲復各三，謂一聲、二聲身、三多聲身，則為二十四聲。如喚丈夫有二十四，女及非男女聲亦名有二十四，總有七十二種聲。以目諸法，可以准知。然此方多無此例。

Tenth, the eight cases (vibhakti): according to the conventions of the Western Country, if one wishes to study and read internal and external classics, one must understand the method of the eight case inflections of grammatical science (śabda-vidyā); if one is not clearly aware of this, one will definitely not know the scope of the text and meaning. 1. puruṣaḥ (nominative): this is the case of direct indication, like when a man chops a tree, pointing out and speaking of that man. 2. puruṣam (accusative): this is the case of the object of action, like the chopped tree that is acted upon. 3. puruṣeṇa (instrumental): this is the case of the instrument that is able to act, like chopping by means of an axe. 4. puruṣāya (dative): this is the case of the beneficiary/purpose, like chopping for the sake of a man. 5. puruṣāt (ablative): this is the case of the cause/source, like building a house on account of a man. 6. puruṣasya (genitive): this is the case of belonging/possession, like a servant belonging to a master. 7. puruṣe (locative): this is the case of the locus, like a guest depending on a host. Fascicle two of the Yogācārabhūmi calls the above seven kinds the 'seven exemplary patterns', because they are the great models from which understanding arises. In the eight inflections of grammar, he puruṣa (vocative) is added, which is the case of calling or addressing. However, these eight cases have three genders: 1. masculine, 2. feminine, and 3. neither masculine nor feminine [neuter]. The above has been explained provisionally in terms of the masculine gender, because in Sanskrit a man is called puruṣa. Furthermore, each of these eight cases has three numbers, namely: singular, dual, and plural, which makes twenty-four forms. Just as there are twenty-four for addressing a man, the feminine and neuter cases each likewise have twenty-four, yielding seventy-two cases in total. Designating phenomena with these can be inferred accordingly. However, this land mostly lacks such grammatical paradigms.