華嚴經探玄記 6.28

6.28

Third, within the characteristics of empowerment, there are three: The first single phrase is bidding him to speak, which is the empowerment of vocal action. Second, within the empowerment of mental action, there are two: first, empowering; second, explaining. These were both actual occurrences at the time without verbalization; the compilers recorded them according to what occurred. In the former, there are ten phrases: the first is general, and the remaining nine are specific. Question: Why is Dharma bestowed here, whereas wisdom was bestowed previously? Answer: That which is bestowed is one and the same. However, in the previous assembly, it was for the sake of accomplishing understanding; because seeing principle was emphasized, it was named "wisdom"; here, it is for the sake of accomplishing practice; because the behavioral standard was emphasized, it was named "Dharma." In the general phrase, giving rise to speech sovereignly is called "unobstructed"; also, bestowing unobstructed eloquence so that speech is without impediment or hindrance. In the specific phrases below: 1. Having no doubt regarding phenomena, the mind having no distracting conditions, hence it is called "peacefully abiding." Also, bestowing fearless wisdom, so that when speaking the mind is peaceful and not afraid of being refuted by others. 2. Understanding arising from within oneself, hence called "teacherless." Also, bestowing wisdom equal to a buddha's, so that when speaking to the assembly, one is teacherless like a buddha. 3. Seeing phenomena distinctly, hence called "free of delusion," because it is not mixed with ignorance. Also, causing one to have no cognitive hindrance when speaking. 4. Seeing the sequence of phenomena, hence called "unconfused." Also, not mixed with other vehicles or worldly literary compositions. 5. What is understood is true and correct, hence called "pure." Also, the essence of wisdom is without fault. 6. What is understood is vast and manifold, hence called "immeasurable." Also, it conforms to the Dharma gates of the dharmadhātu. 7. What is understood is deep and supreme, hence called "most supreme." Also, it accords with the resultant Dharma. 8. Causing one to be free of arrogance and deceit, free of negligence and greed when speaking, hence called "defilement-free." 9. Not forgetting what has been attained, hence called "non-retrogressing." Also, speech is without decline or loss; further, not retrogressing from principle; and further, not retreating or yielding. Below, the explanation of the reasons for the particular empowerment, as well as the empowerment of bodily action and the section on arising from samādhi, are all the same as explained previously.