大方廣佛華嚴經疏 12.3

12.3

第三類結所餘。此中非唯結數，兼總顯上文所依住等。文分為四：一總結都數、二「各各所依」下結形類、三「此一一」下結眷屬、四「如是所說」下彰其所在。今初，即舉本剎種結有若干。此所結剎定是主剎，以下文指此不可說佛剎更有兩重繞故。其直上中間但有十九佛剎，而結有不可說者，以傍論故。不爾。豈一剎種最下唯一主剎，故知如向所說，主剎橫竪共論有不可說故。下結其所在，云及在香水河中，思之。二結形類中，初三列十門。既言周匝圍遶，則知旁去。二「所謂」下，廣說十門形狀有十八事。望前剎種形中，闕須彌山形及嚴具形，餘皆全同，但此約剎為異耳。三「如是等」下，結歸都數。三結眷屬中，然有兩重主伴。此一一者，指上不可說塵數也。若望前文，主剎直上繞數漸增，今總相說，故云一一各有十剎塵也。又是欲顯無盡義故。一一復有如上所說微塵數者，如上之言文含二義：一即總指前能繞所繞之數繞一世界，不欲繁文，故云如上。二者如上，亦用十佛剎為能繞也。依此則似譯人文繁理隱，何不言一一復有十佛剎塵數耶？若依前義則譯者之妙。四彰所在，即最中香。海既言及在香河，明知傍去。（已下入第九經）

Third, analogously concluding the rest. Here, it not only concludes the number, but also comprehensively reveals what the preceding text relied upon and dwelt in. The text is divided into four: 1. generally concluding the total number; 2. from “each relying upon…” onward, concluding the categories of forms; 3. from “each one of these…” onward, concluding the retinues; 4. from “as is spoken…” onward, demonstrating where they are situated. Now, the first: raising the fundamental seed system of lands to conclude how many there are. The lands concluded here must be primary lands, because the text below refers to these ineffable Buddha lands having further two tiers encircling them. Directly above in the middle there are only nineteen Buddha lands, yet it concludes with an ineffable number because it is discussed laterally. Otherwise, how could a seed system of lands have only one primary land at the very bottom? Therefore we know, as explained earlier, that discussing primary lands both horizontally and vertically, there are an ineffable number. Below, when concluding where they are situated, it says “and in the fragrant water rivers”—ponder this.

In the second, concluding the categories of forms, the first three list ten headings. Since it says “encircling all around,” we know they extend sideways. Second, from “namely…” onward, broadly explaining the ten headings of shapes, there are eighteen items. Compared to the shapes of the seed systems of lands before, the shape of Mount Sumeru and the shape of adornments are missing; the rest are completely identical, only here differing by being discussed in terms of lands. Third, from “such as these…” onward, concluding into the total count.

In the third, concluding the retinues, there are two layers of primary and secondary. “Each one of these” refers to the above ineffable paramāṇu numbers. Compared with the preceding text, the encircling count directly above the primary lands gradually increases; now speaking of their general characteristic, it says that each has ten land paramāṇus. Furthermore, it is to reveal the meaning of endlessness. “Each again having paramāṇus as spoken above”: the phrase “as above” contains two meanings in the text: First, it generally refers to the preceding count of encircling and encircled surrounding a single world; not wishing to multiply words, it says “as above.” Second, “as above” also uses ten Buddha lands as that which encircles. According to this, it would seem that the translator's text was redundant and the principle obscured—why not say “each again has ten Buddha-land paramāṇus”? If based on the former meaning, it is the marvel of the translator.

Fourth, demonstrating their location: namely, the fragrant ocean at the very center. Since it says “and in the fragrant rivers,” it clearly shows that they extend laterally. (From here on enters Fascicle Nine of the sūtra.)