大方廣佛華嚴經疏 31.13

31.13

Second, from "skillful at" downward, extensively praising, there are sixteen phrases, divided into two: the first thirteen phrases extensively treat their own station, and the latter three extensively treat progressive advancement. The former also has two: the first three explain the complete endowment of cultivation of practice: 1. skillful spiritual functions; 2. taming and transforming in accordance with the proper time; 3. practices and vows pervading time and place. The remaining ten phrases show that virtues and functions are fully complete: 4. merit and wisdom increase without exhaustion; 5. wisdom of the provisional and real, though already ultimate; 6. through the path of non-abiding, not abandoning cultivation; 7. internally realizing the penetrations and clarities of meditative absorption and wisdom; 8. externally exercising activities with sovereignty. In the seventh, if conforming to the Dharma characteristics of the Three Vehicles: dhyāna refers to the four dhyānas; samāpatti refers to the four formless absorptions; liberation refers to the eight liberations. Samādhi is translated here as "equipoise," because holding the mind equally tends toward a single object, namely the three samādhis and all absorptions with mind. Samāpatti is translated here as "attainment," because by relinquishing sinking and restlessness one reaches a single object. It is restricted to the stage of concentration, but extends to absorptions without mind, namely the non-conceptual absorption and the absorption of cessation. Spiritual penetrations, clarities, and wisdom collectively denote all virtues induced by concentrations with mind and without mind; now these bodhisattvas are able to enter and induce them skillfully. If explained in terms of the Ekayāna: dhyāna and concentration are the ten dhyāna concentrations; liberations are the inconceivable and other samādhis; attainments each number immeasurable hundreds of thousands; penetrations, clarities, and wisdom each have ten; ten times ten without end are what bodhisattvas in the position of Samantabhadra attain. 9. Internally obtaining sovereign capability; 10. externally being able in a single thought to pervade everywhere requesting the Dharma; 11. protecting the Dharma; 12. making offerings; 13. diligently cultivating the two benefits. The latter three extensively treat progressive advancement, which refers to the vastness of the three karmas; together with the concluding text below, all are clear and understandable.