大方廣佛華嚴經疏 44.4

44.4

Second, from 'Sons of the Buddha, when the bodhisattva mahāsattva with such...' downward clarifies the division on samādhis. Within this there are two parts: first, repeating what precedes to introduce what follows; second, from 'immediately attains' downward, directly revealing it. Within this there are four parts: 1) individually citing the ten names; 2) from 'such and the like' downward, concluding the number attained; 3) from 'the bodhisattva in this' downward, displaying entering to fulfillment; 4) from 'the last of these' downward, revealing the name of the final one. Now in the first of the ten: the first is general, and the rest are specific. Generally it is called 'free from defilement' (vimalā) because it is free from the defilements of afflictions; this is the stage where obscurations are exhausted, so it specifically receives this name. In the specific, nine samādhis are free from eight kinds of defilement: 1) 'free from defilement in entering the esoteric': meaning understanding and entering the deep and esoteric places of the dharmadhātu of phenomena and phenomena, not being associated with confusion; 2) 'free from defilement in proximity': the myriad practices already completed, the bodhimaṇḍa is thus near, as spoken of in the *Vimalakīrti*; the above first is understanding, the next is practice, and the lower three are the accomplishment of virtues; 3) 'free from defilement in emitting light': meaning the light opens the mind-lotus, causing one to see reality, and one is also able to sit on various great jewel lotuses, with light illuminating everywhere; 4) 'free from defilement in dhāraṇī': containing and storing like the ocean; 5) 'free from defilement in giving rise to supernormal powers': manifesting suddenly without deliberate mind. The above five are all samādhis that give rise to the dharmakāya. 6) There are two samādhis 'free from defilement in purifying buddha-lands': the upper phrase 'immeasurable' exhausts the frontiers of the dharmadhātu; the lower phrase 'correct contemplation' penetrates the essence of the lands. The above six are self-benefit. 7) 'Free from defilement in transforming beings': both of the above two benefits belong to the practices of one's own share. 8) 'Free from defilement in sambodhi': meaning in the progressive higher awakening when bodhi is about to be accomplished, all buddhas appear before one in succession to witness and know it; as explained below in the section on receiving the office, because original awakening is about to become manifest. 2) Concluding the number: these are also retinues. As for 'all appearing before [the bodhisattva]': through the completion of long cultivation, they appear naturally without exerting effort. 3) In displaying entering to fulfillment: 'those able to enter' refers to skillfully entering and arising from the essence of both the preparatory and the fundamental samādhis without fixed direction, hence it is called 'skillful'. 'Skillfully understanding what is done' means knowing their karmic function. 4) Revealing the name of the final one: because it is about to expound the division on receiving the station. 'All-knowledge' (sarvajñā) is the Buddha's non-conceptual wisdom (nirvikalpa-jñāna). The treatise-sūtra repeats the word 'wisdom' to include subsequent wisdom. The equality of the two wisdoms is named receiving the station.