大方廣佛華嚴經疏 45.13

45.13

Part Five of the main division, from "At that time, Samantabhadra…" onward, is the exposition section, which has three parts: first, receiving the intent and addressing them generally; second, from "Sons of the Buddha, what is…" onward, separately explaining the ten samādhis; third, at the end of the forty-third fascicle, where it says "Sons of the Buddha, these are…", generally concluding the number ten. Under the second, the ten samādhis form ten sections, each having an indication, an explanation, and a conclusion. Regarding the first samādhi, the explanation divides into five: 1. inexhaustibility of wisdom, 2. boundlessness of mind, 3. sovereignty of samādhi, 4. skillful manifestation of wisdom, and 5. transcendent contemplation; each has "Son of the Buddha" as a demarcation. Among the five, the first two are the expedient means of the samādhi, the next is the essence of the samādhi, and the latter two are the functions of the samādhi. Furthermore, the first three each have an indication, an interrogation, an explanation, and a conclusion. Now, regarding the first: within the explanation there are ten lines in five pairs: the first two are that which is served and those who are transformed; the next two are the places of transformation and the dharmas of transformation—being "like shadows" means being without substantiality and manifesting according to conditions; the next two are gathering and protecting from beginning to end; the next two are what is held and that which can hold; the last two are the initial aspiration and the ultimate vow. Second, "boundlessness of mind": the previous part explained the inexhaustibility of what is known; now it distinguishes the arousal of mind facing the objective realm: because the objective realm is boundless, the mind is boundless. There are eleven lines, adding one to the decimal number ten. Third, "sovereignty of samādhi": due to the previous great wisdom and great mind, one has sovereignty over samādhi; the directions and places are not one, and entering and emerging differ, hence it says "distinctions"; the text is understandable. Fourth, "skillful manifestation of wisdom" has an indication, an interrogation, and an explanation. Within the explanation there are three parts: first, exposition in terms of Dharma. Within this, first ten lines separately elucidate progressive depth and subtlety; subsequently, one line generally reveals clear freedom from marks; next, an analogy is adduced; subsequently, from "Sons of the Buddha, just as an asura…" onward, contrasting the inferior to illustrate the superior. Fifth, "transcendent contemplation" has Dharma, analogy, and application. In the application, differing from the previous manifested transformations, it speaks of the dharmakāya. Because the dharmatā encompasses them, they are seen all at once; on account of this meaning, nothing can outshine or overwhelm them.