大方廣佛華嚴經隨疏演義鈔 11.5

11.5

As for the commentary's "totally subsuming and mutually annihilating, co-persisting and co-vanishing both being established," this is the second [part], sorting out the number of propositions. "Totally subsuming" constitutes the first two propositions: this totally subsuming that means this is manifest and that is occult, which is the first proposition; that totally subsuming this means that is manifest and this is occult, which is the second proposition. "Both being established" is the third proposition: when this is precisely subsuming that, it does not impede that subsuming this, hence there is both occultation and manifestation. "Annihilating" is the fourth proposition: when this subsumes that and becomes manifest, this is precisely that subsuming this and thus not manifest, so manifestation is annihilated; when that subsumes this and becomes occult, this is precisely this subsuming that and thus not occult, so occultation is annihilated. Therefore it is neither occult nor manifest. "Co-persisting" means that the four propositions are all established, which is the cognitive realm of understanding. "Co-vanishing" means that the five propositions are all cut off, which is the realm of practice. The phrase "both being established" summarizes the six propositions above. As for the commentary's "Below it says entering correct concentration in the east...", this is citing proofs. Entering correct absorption in the east is manifest; arising from concentration in the west is occult, because one only sees entering concentration and does not see arising from it. The ancient Ten Mysteries also say: "Entering correct concentration in the eye-faculty is manifest; arising from samādhi in visual form is occult." By this analogy, the rest can be known. As for the commentary's "Like the moon on the eighth day...", the fourth [part] uses an analogy for clarification: taking the bright part as manifest and the dark part as occult, which must occur simultaneously, hence it is said to be "both established," unlike the fifteenth day which is exclusively manifest, or the final day of the lunar month which is exclusively occult. Furthermore, the dark part is not devoid of brightness, and the bright part is not devoid of darkness; it is merely that where brightness is manifest, darkness is occult, and where darkness is manifest, brightness is occult, so it can also be termed "occultation and manifestation both being established." It is also like the verse in the Yāma [Heaven]: "In all places of the ten directions, all claim the Buddha is right here; some see him in the human realm, some see him in the heavenly palaces." Thus, the place where he is seen is manifest, and the place where he is not seen is occult; it is not that the Buddha is not omnipresent. The "Chapter on the Ten Concentrations" says: "Some see the Buddha's body measured at seven cubits, some see the Buddha's body measured at eight cubits, some see the Buddha's body measured at nine cubits, up to seeing the Buddha's body measured as worlds of ineffable-ineffable Buddha-kṣetra dust motes." Thus, when seven cubits are seen, the seven cubits are manifest and the other measurements are all occult. Other manifestations follow this analogy. Hence that analogy says: "Just like the lunar disc: people of Jambudvīpa see its form as small, yet it does not diminish; those dwelling within the moon see its form as large, yet it does not increase." Explication: Seeing it large means the large is manifest and the small is occult; seeing it small means the small is manifest and the large is occult; yet there is neither increase nor decrease. This is secret simultaneous accomplishment. All other phenomena can be known analogously. Lady Māyā said: "In this one place I am the Bodhisattva's mother, and throughout the three-thousandfold world system I am likewise the mother. Yet this body of mine neither abides in a single place nor abides in multiple places." This also conveys the meaning of occultation and manifestation. Being the mother in this place means this is manifest and that is occult, and so forth. "Neither abides in a single place" is one occultation, by analogy with many manifestations; "nor abides in multiple places" is many occultations, by analogy with one manifestation. It is also the proposition of dual negation and mutual annihilation, the secret meaning of being neither occult nor manifest. However, if considered in terms of wisdom and illusion, it belongs to the portal of karmic functioning; if considered in terms of the accomplishment of the ultimate stage, it belongs to the portal of virtuous characteristics.