大方廣佛華嚴經隨疏演義鈔 55.7

55.7

Regarding the commentary's "4. Turbidity of divergent thoughts": the Śāstra says, "The fourth is turbidity of divergent thoughts, due to a mind of envying the superior and a mind of destructiveness." Explanation: Envying the superior pertains to persons; destructiveness pertains to the Dharma; moreover, it also applies to both. Now, not following the Śāstra, saying "arrogance" and so forth broadens the meaning of divergent thoughts. That is, the Yogācārabhūmi-śāstra, fascicle 38, says: "Listening to the Dharma, by abandoning six kinds of marks, one is far removed from the defilement of arrogance. By four kinds of marks, one is far removed from the defilement of contempt. By one kind of mark, one is far removed from the defilement of cowardice. The six kinds are: 1. listening at the proper time; 2. listening with earnestness; 3. listening with reverence; 4. listening without intent to harm; 5. listening without intent to oppose; 6. listening without seeking faults. The four marks are: 1. revering the true Dharma; 2. revering the speaker; 3. not disparaging the true Dharma; 4. not disparaging the speaker. The one mark is not despising oneself. Furthermore, by five marks, one listens to the Dharma with an undistracted mind: 1. a mind seeking understanding; 2. a focused and consummate mind; 3. listening to the sound and inclining the ear; 4. cleansing one's mind; 5. gathering all of the mind. Therefore, in sum there are two: being undefiled, and having an undistracted mind, listening to the Dharma single-mindedly." Now the commentary mentions the former two names, including cowardice and freedom from distraction. All of the above are divergent thoughts. Envying the superior and destructiveness—these two are particularly grave, which is why the basic Śāstra cites them.