大方廣佛華嚴經隨疏演義鈔 77.41

77.41

Regarding the Commentary's passage beginning with: 'Among the three, the first is common': the second part is the critical analysis. Following the preceding three categories, there is a threefold critical analysis: first, in terms of the vehicles; second, in terms of the three bodies and ten bodies; third, in terms of the faculties and perception. Now first, it embraces the five teachings. The first one is the Small Vehicle and the Initial Teaching; the second is the Final Teaching; the third is the Perfect Teaching. The Sudden Teaching takes signlessness as its essential doctrine. The latter two also cite the cause to reveal the fruit. As for the statement 'manifesting similarity to humans, upright and orderly': the Abhidharmakośa, speaking of the marks of a wheel-turning king, states: 'The marks are not upright, complete, and bright, hence they are not equal to the Buddha.' This clarifies that although a wheel-turning king has thirty-two marks, they fall short of the Tathāgata in three meanings: 1. their location is not upright, 2. the marks are not complete, and 3. they are not bright and clear. Now, 'upright and orderly' means the location differs from that of a wheel-turning king. The two words 'upright and orderly' signify bright and complete; thus, he manifests similarity to humans while surpassing humans. Regarding the Commentary's 'Next is only the Great Vehicle' and so forth: this clarifies the marks of the fruit. Just as in the causal stage one severs eighty-four thousand afflictions and accomplishes eighty-four thousand pāramitās, one obtains eighty-four thousand marks and minor signs. The Guan wuliangshou jing states: 'Amitābha Buddha has eighty-four thousand marks; each mark has eighty-four thousand minor signs; each minor sign further has eighty-four thousand rays of light; each ray of light shines everywhere throughout the dharmadhātu, gathering in and not abandoning sentient beings who practice the mindfulness of the Buddha.' These are the marks of this intermediate kind.