新華嚴經論 26.41

26.41

Sixth, the section from "O sons of the Buddha, when this bodhisattva attains such samādhis" onward has eleven lines of the sūtra, explaining the part where, through the expedient means of the concentration of cessation, they give rise to ten kinds of manifestations, transcend the world, and do not abandon the mind that delights in the Dharma. As the sūtra says: "Although according with the Buddha's wisdom, they manifest entry into the grounds of the śrāvakas and pratyekabuddhas," this explains that when beings of the two vehicles attain the fruit, loathing the body of sectional birth born from the wombs of parents that they have received, they spontaneously manifest fire to cremate their own bodies and enter bodies of transformational birth-and-death. The rest is clear in the text itself. Below, "devas" refers to the devas of the desire realm, form realm, and formless realm above. "Nāgas" refers to the various worldly nāgas. "Yakṣas" are translated here as "harsh livelihood," or as "sacrificial inspectors," or as "swift ones." "Gandharvas" are translated here as "fragrance eaters" or as "spirits who seek fragrance," who perform music in search of food. "Asuras" are included in the heavenly destiny, and are translated here as "lacking heavenly wondrous pleasure." "Garuḍas" are translated here as "wailing cry," because when they eat nāgas, the nāgas remain alive in their crops and make wailing cries; they are also called "jewel-winged birds." "Kiṃnaras" are translated here as "doubtful spirits"; having horns on their heads, those who see them conceive doubt: "Are they human? Or are they non-human?" "Mahoragas" are translated here as "crawlers on the belly"; these are animal types, of the same category as nāgas; formerly they were called "great serpent spirits." "Humans and non-humans": "non-humans" refers to the class of ghosts. "Śakra" is translated here as "capable master." "Brahmā King" is the king of the first dhyāna. "Brahma" means pure; because he transcends the desire realm, he is called the "Pure King." This clarifies that the bodhisattva of this stage can universally identify with their types, guiding them to cultivate and learn the merit and wisdom of bodhi without delightful attachment; hence it is said that they "do not abandon the mind that delights in the Dharma." The rest is fully present in the text itself. It also clarifies that because they themselves rejoice that the subsequent grounds are not yet complete, they must diligently delight in the Dharma with their whole mind.