觀無量壽佛經疏 2.108

2.108

七、從若佛滅後下，至極樂世界已來，正明夫人悲心為物，同己往生，永逝娑婆，長遊安樂。此明如來期心運度，徹窮後際而未休。但以世代時移，群情淺促，故使如來減永生之壽，泯長劫以類人年，攝憍慢以示無常，化剛強同歸於磨滅。故云若佛滅後也。言諸眾生者，此明如來息化，眾生無處歸依。蠢蠢周慞，縱橫走於六道。言濁惡不善者，此明五濁也。一者劫濁，二者眾生濁，三者見濁，四者煩惱濁，五者命濁。言劫濁者，然劫實非是濁，當劫減時諸惡加增也。言眾生濁者，劫若初成，眾生純善；劫若末時，眾生十惡彌盛也。言見濁者，自身眾惡總變為善，他上無非見為不是也。言煩惱濁者，當今劫末眾生惡性難親，隨對六根貪瞋競起也。言命濁者，由前見惱二濁，多行殺害無慈恩養，既行斷命之苦因、欲受長年之果者，何由可得也。然濁者，體非是善。今略指五濁義竟。

Seventh, from 'If after the Buddha's extinction' down to 'the world of Sukhāvatī' directly clarifies that the Queen, with a compassionate mind for living beings, wished them to be reborn together with herself, departing Sahā forever and roaming long in the Land of Peace and Bliss. This clarifies that the Tathāgata set his mind on delivering beings, reaching to the utmost end of the future without ceasing. However, because eras and times change and the capacities of the multitude are shallow and short-lived, the Tathāgata therefore curtailed his lifespan of eternal life, condensing vast kalpas to resemble human years, subduing arrogance by showing impermanence, and transforming the obstinate so that they together return to extinction. Therefore, it says 'If after the Buddha's extinction.' 'All sentient beings' clarifies that when the Tathāgata ceases his transformation, sentient beings will have nowhere to take refuge. Trembling and anxious, they run erratically through the six paths. 'Turbid, evil, and unwholesome' clarifies the five turbidities. The first is the kalpa turbidity; the second is the sentient-being turbidity; the third is the view turbidity; the fourth is the affliction turbidity; the fifth is the lifespan turbidity. 'Kalpa turbidity' means that the kalpa itself is not actually turbid, but as the kalpa diminishes, all evils increase. 'Sentient-being turbidity' means that when a kalpa is first formed, sentient beings are purely good; when a kalpa is in its final phase, the ten evils of sentient beings flourish exceedingly. 'View turbidity' means that all evils in oneself are regarded as good, while what is blameless in others is viewed as wrong. 'Affliction turbidity' means that in the present end of the kalpa, the evil nature of sentient beings is hard to approach, and facing the six sense bases, greed and anger arise competitively. 'Lifespan turbidity' means that due to the preceding two turbidities of views and afflictions, beings mostly commit killing and lack compassionate nurturing; having performed the painful cause of cutting off life, if they wish to receive the fruit of long life, by what means could it be attained? Now, 'turbidity' by its nature is not good. The meaning of the five turbidities has now been briefly indicated.