觀無量壽佛經義疏 2.18

2.18

「爾時王舍大城有一太子名阿闍世，隨順調達惡友之教，收執父王頻婆娑羅，幽閉置於七重室內，制諸群臣一不得往。」阿闍世，此云未生怨。《涅槃》云「由未生時相師皆言：此兒生已定當害父。」又云「阿闍名不生，世者名怨。以不生佛性故，則煩惱怨生」等。調達，具云提婆達多，此云天熱。生時諸天心皆熱惱，知彼出世必破三寶故。是斛飯王子，佛之堂弟、阿難親兄。有三十相，出家誦六萬法聚、十二韋陀。因見如來王臣歸仰利養充溢，心生嫉忌，即往白佛求欲攝眾。為佛所訶，遂謀害佛。阿難不知，授與通法，入山修習獲得五通，乃自思惟誰作檀越。闍世太子有大王相。種種變現惑令信受。語太子言：我作新佛、汝作新王，豈不快哉。於是推山壓佛，密迹金剛以杵擬之，碎石迸來傷佛足指出佛身血。自號為佛，五法化人，三聞達等五百新學，受彼邪化別眾乞食、別自布薩，即破法輪僧。蓮花色尼路逢訶之，拳打眼出，即殺阿羅漢。犯三逆罪，生入地獄。闍王殺父害母，共造五逆，此皆大權化事，或逆或順無非益物，為絕後世起逆業故。經云「示現有三毒，又現邪見相。我弟子如是，方便度眾生。」又《涅槃》云「提婆達不曾墮獄造逆等。實非聲聞緣覺境界，唯是諸佛之所知見」是也。頻婆娑羅，此云模實，亦名影堅，皆為形體充實從身立名，亦有翻為顏貌端正。七重之室不慮往來，復加制約欲令餓死。二、夫人奉食。

"At that time, in the great city of Rājagṛha, there was a prince named Ajātaśatru who, following the counsel of the evil friend Devadatta, arrested his father, King Bimbisāra, confined him within a seven-walled chamber, and forbade all the ministers from ever going to him." "Ajātaśatru" is translated here as "Unborn Enmity." The Nirvāṇa Sūtra says: "Because before he was born, the physiognomists all said: 'After this child is born, he will certainly harm his father.'" It also says: "'A-jāta' means 'unborn', and 'śatru' means 'enmity'. Because the Buddha-nature is not born [in him], the enmity of afflictions arises," and so forth. "Diaoda" is fully "Devadatta," translated here as "Heaven's Distress." When he was born, the minds of all the devas were distressed and troubled, knowing that his appearance in the world would inevitably disrupt the Three Jewels. He was the son of Droṇodana, a cousin of the Buddha, and Ānanda's biological elder brother. Possessing thirty marks, he left home and recited sixty thousand collections of dharmas and the twelve Vedas. Seeing that kings and ministers took refuge in the Tathāgata and that offerings abounded, jealousy arose in his heart, so he went to the Buddha and asked to take charge of the assembly. Rebuked by the Buddha, he subsequently plotted to harm the Buddha. Ānanda, unaware of this, taught him the method of supernormal powers; he entered the mountains to practice and attained the five supernormal powers, then considered who should be his dānapati. Prince Ajātaśatru had the signs of a great king. [Devadatta] performed various manifestations to deceive him into faith and acceptance. He said to the prince: "I will be the new Buddha, and you will be the new king; would that not be delightful?" Thereupon he pushed down a mountain to crush the Buddha; the Vajra-holding spirit Guhyapada aimed his pestle at it, and a shattered rock flew out, injured the Buddha's toe, and caused the Buddha's body to bleed. Proclaiming himself a Buddha, he taught people with five dharmas, and five hundred newly trained monks, such as Saṃvṛtta, accepted his evil transformation, went begging separately from the assembly, and performed their own poṣadha, thereby creating a schism in the wheel-turning Saṅgha. When the nun Utpalavarṇā met him on the road and rebuked him, he struck her with his fist so that her eyes came out, thus killing an arhat. Committing three heinous offenses, he entered hell alive. King Ajātaśatru killed his father and harmed his mother, together committing the five heinous offenses. These were all matters of great expedient manifestation; whether contrary or concordant, none failed to benefit beings, and it was done to cut off the arising of heinous karma in future generations. The sūtra says: "Manifesting the three poisons, / And also showing the appearance of wrong views— / My disciples are like this, / Saving sentient beings through expedients." Also, the Nirvāṇa Sūtra says: "Devadatta never fell into hell or committed heinous deeds, and so forth. This is truly not the realm of śrāvakas and pratyekabuddhas; it is known and seen by the Buddhas alone." This is what it means. "Bimbisāra" is translated here as "Form of Reality," and also called "Shadow-Firm"; both are names established from his physical form because his body was full and solid; it is also translated as "having a handsome countenance." A chamber of seven walls would allow no concern about coming and going, yet he further imposed restrictions, wishing to starve him to death. Second, the queen offers food.