阿彌陀經疏 1.116

1.116

經曰：「及釋提桓因等無量諸天大眾俱」，次釋天眾。《智度論》云：釋迦為能，提婆為天，因陀羅為主，謂能為天主。又云釋是字，提桓因是號。或稱憍尸迦者，彼於往昔在摩訶陀國作婆羅門名摩伽，姓憍尸迦，此人有大福德，與三十二友發心修迦葉佛破塔基故，俱生忉利天上，摩伽為主，稱為帝釋。佛呼本姓，故言憍尸迦。或言千眼，以其過去聰俊故，少時能斷千事，故稱千眼。

The sūtra says: 'Together with Śakra Devānām Indra and an immeasurable assembly of devas.' Next is the explanation of the assembly of devas. The Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa says: 'Śakra' means 'able'; 'deva' means 'god'; 'Indra' means 'lord'—meaning 'one able to be lord of the devas'. It also says that Śakra is the personal name, and Devānām Indra is the title. Alternatively, he is called Kauśika: in the past, he was a brāhmaṇa named Magha in the country of Magadha, belonging to the Kauśika clan. This man possessed great merit and, together with thirty-two companions, generated the resolve to restore the ruined stupa foundation of Kāśyapa Buddha. For this reason, they were all reborn in the Trāyastriṃśa Heaven, with Magha as the sovereign, known as Śakra, Lord of Devas. The Buddha addressed him by his ancestral clan name, and thus said 'Kauśika'. He is also called 'Thousand-Eyed' because of his past intelligence and acuity: in a brief time he could adjudicate a thousand matters, and hence was called 'Thousand-Eyed'.