阿彌陀經通贊疏 1.48

1.48

贊曰：第五所被機。以四門分別：一、顯來意；二、彰權實；三、定多少；四、明次第。來意有二：一、為證信標聽眾者，助成慶喜聞法可信，眾有三疑今顯同聞；二、證經德，如天帝釋諸天圍繞、大梵天王梵眾圍繞等，今顯法王諸聖圍繞。二、彰權實。如《佛地論》云：化佛穢土中，聲聞等實、菩薩是權；報佛淨土中，菩薩是實、聲聞等為權。既是穢土，即菩薩是權也。三、定多少，初有五眾：一、道行尊高眾；二、悲心廣大眾；三、樂法諸天眾；四、欲界人趣眾；五、非天修羅眾。三眾此列，二眾後陳。

The Praise says: The fifth [point] is the capacities that are addressed. This is distinguished through four gates: first, revealing the purpose of their arrival; second, showing the provisional and the real; third, determining the number; fourth, explaining the order. The purpose of their arrival has two aspects: first, designating the audience to testify to faith, which helps Ānanda confirm that the Dharma heard is credible, for the assembly had three doubts, which are now shown to be dispelled through their joint hearing; second, testifying to the virtues of the sūtra, just as Śakra, Lord of the Devas, is surrounded by the devas, and the Great Brahmā King is surrounded by the Brahmā retinue, now it is shown that the Dharma King is surrounded by the noble ones. Second, showing the provisional and the real. As the *Buddhabhūmi-śāstra* says: In the defiled land of a transformation Buddha, the śrāvakas and others are real, while the bodhisattvas are provisional; in the pure land of a reward Buddha, the bodhisattvas are real, while the śrāvakas and others are provisional. Since this is a defiled land, the bodhisattvas are provisional. Third, determining the number. Initially there are five assemblies: first, the assembly eminent in the practice of the Path; second, the assembly whose compassionate mind is vast; third, the assembly of devas who delight in the Dharma; fourth, the assembly of humans of the desire realm; fifth, the assembly of the non-deva asuras. Three assemblies are listed here, and two assemblies are set forth later.