阿彌陀經通贊疏 2.83

2.83

贊曰：第三答無三惡之名。三惡趣者，即地獄、餓鬼、畜生也。地獄者，梵云那落迦，此云苦器，受苦眾生所居器物。餓鬼者，多諸恐怕，久受飢虛，故名飢鬼也。畜生者，或云刃六反、或云希六反，人之畜養故。或云傍生，造業傍故，受報亦傍，因便令辨六趣，廣有章門，如別處說。

Praise: Third, answering that there are no names of the three evils. The 'three evil destinies' are hells, hungry ghosts, and animals. 'Hell' is in Sanskrit Naraka, here translated as 'vessel of suffering', the container-vessel in which sentient beings undergoing suffering reside. 'Hungry ghosts' have many terrors and endure hunger and emptiness for a long time; hence they are called hungry ghosts. 'Animal' (xusheng) has the phonetics ren-liu fan or xi-liu fan; it is because they are raised (xu) by humans. Alternatively, they are called tiryak (pangsheng, 'creatures that move laterally'), because they create karma crookedly and thus receive retribution crookedly as well. Taking this opportunity to distinguish the six destinies entails extensive chapter headings, as explained elsewhere.