阿彌陀經疏 1.42

1.42

長老下，列名。舍利，此翻珠子亦身子，以其母好身形而聰明之相在乎眼珠，因名珠亦名身也。尊者是珠所生，故名珠子。摩訶目揵連者，摩訶云大，目揵連云胡豆亦采菽，上古有仙，隱居求志，采菽豆而食，尊者是彼苗裔也。同姓者眾，標大以別之。摩訶迦葉，此云大飲光，古仙身光翕赩吞飲餘光使不得現，從此命族。迦旃延，云扇繩，尊者早孤，其母戀子不得再嫁，如繩繫扇，由是立名。俱絺羅云大膝，以膝蓋大故，舍利弗舅氏也。離婆多云室星，北方宿也，父母禱此星而生子故。周梨槃陀伽者，翻蛇奴，或言周利云大路邊、槃陀伽云小路邊，以此尊者生于道旁故。諸經律謂周梨槃特是也。難陀云喜，本牧牛人，以牧牛事諸佛，佛為說法，然後入道。阿難陀此云慶喜，佛之從弟也，以佛成道日生，舉國欣慶因立喜名。羅睺羅云障蔽，此脩羅之名，以其能障蔽日月故，此尊者障佛出家，如脩羅障月故，乃如來之嫡子也。憍梵波提云牛呞亦牛迹，以過去為牛故，口有牛呞，足有牛蹄之相。賓頭盧頗羅墮，或云賓度羅跋羅墮闍，或云軍屠鉢漢，皆梵音楚夏也，賓頭盧翻不動，頗羅墮真諦三藏翻捷疾或利根或廣語，《本行集》翻重幢，婆羅門十八姓中一姓也，尊者是彼種族故。迦留陀夷云黑光或麁黑，以其形醜黑故。劫賓那云房星，以父母禱房星得子故。薄𤘽羅云善容，以彼好容儀故。阿㝹樓馱云無貧亦無滅，以其常富是故。

From “Elders” downward lists their names. “Śāri” is translated here as “pearl” and also as “body.” Because his mother had a beautiful bodily form and the signs of her keen intelligence lay in her pupils (pearls of the eyes), she was named Pearl and also named Body. The Venerable was born of Pearl, hence he was named Pearl’s Son (Śāriputra). As for “Mahāmaudgalyāyana,” “Mahā” means great, and “Maudgalyāyana” means wild bean or pulse-gatherer; in high antiquity there was an immortal who lived in seclusion to pursue his aspirations and gathered and ate pulse and beans, and the Venerable was his descendant. Because many shared this clan name, “Mahā” was prefixed to distinguish him. “Mahākāśyapa” is translated here as “Great Light-Drinker”; an ancient immortal’s bodily radiance was blazing and swallowed up other lights so that they could not appear, and the clan was named after this. “Kātyāyana” means “fan-cord”; the Venerable was orphaned early, and his mother loved her son so dearly that she could not remarry, just as a cord ties a fan, and from this the name was established. “Kauṣṭhila” means “Big Knees,” because his kneecaps were large; he was Śāriputra’s maternal uncle. “Revata” means “Mansion Star,” a northern constellation; it was because his parents prayed to this star and bore a son. “Cūḍapanthaka” is translated as “Snake Slave,” or some say Cūḍa means “beside the highway” and Panthaka means “beside the small road,” because this Venerable was born by the roadside. What the various sūtras and vinayas call Cūḍapanthaka is this person. “Nanda” means “joy”; originally an oxherd, he served various buddhas with his oxherding, and the Buddha preached the Dharma for him, whereupon he entered the path. “Ānanda” is translated here as “Rejoicing”; he was a paternal cousin of the Buddha, and because he was born on the day the Buddha attained awakening and the entire nation rejoiced, he was accordingly given the name Joy. “Rāhula” means “obstruction”; this was the name of an asura, because it could obstruct the sun and moon; since this Venerable obstructed the Buddha from leaving home just as the asura obstructs the moon, and was the Tathāgata’s legitimate son. “Gavāmpati” means “cattle cud-chewer” and also “ox prints”; because he had been an ox in the past, his mouth had the habit of chewing the cud like an ox, and his feet bore the appearance of ox hooves. “Piṇḍolabhāradvāja,” also called Piṇḍolabhāradvāja or Guntopahan, are merely dialectal variations in Sanskrit phonetic transcription; “Piṇḍola” translates as “immovable,” while “Bhāradvāja” was translated by Tripiṭaka Master Paramārtha as “swift,” “sharp-facultied,” or “broad-spoken,” and the Benxingji jing translates it as “double banner”; it is one of the eighteen Brahman clans, and the Venerable belonged to that lineage. “Kālodayin” means “black radiance” or “coarse black,” because his form was ugly and black. “Kapphiṇa” means “Room Star” (Anurādhā), because his parents prayed to the Room Star and obtained a son. “Vakkula” means “good appearance,” because he had an attractive bearing. “Aniruddha” means “without poverty” and also “without extinction,” because he was constantly wealthy.