阿彌陀經義疏 1.15

1.15

就證信中，此即阿難結集奉教，安列六事為證，明非虛謬，令物信故，六緣不具教則不興，名六成就。諸經之首，解釋極繁，此但略提大要，餘廣如彼。初、如是者，如云指法之辭，即指正宗所說法門，契理曰如，離非曰是，信故聞持，名信成就。二、我聞者，阿難自言親從佛聞，非他傳告，即聞成就。三、一時者，主伴會集說聽始終，簡非餘時，即時成就。四、佛者，釋迦教主，金口親宣，非餘所說，即主成就。具云佛陀，翻云覺者，覺名乃通，此局妙覺究竟極果，十號之一也，是為通號。五、在舍衛等者，說經有處，舉舍衛乃遊化之境，舉祇園即依住之處，即處成就。舍衛翻聞物，言人物富庶遠聞諸國故。祇陀施樹，給孤買園，共成佛剎故以為名。六、與大比丘下，道俗四部大眾同會，非我獨聞，即眾成就。眾有三類：初、聲聞眾；二、並諸下即菩薩眾；三、及釋提下人天眾。聲聞常時侍佛，威儀復勝，故在前列；菩薩隱顯無定，形服不拘，故以次之；人天俗眾形服全乖，故列于後。

Regarding the attestation of faith: this is Ānanda compiling the canon in obedience to instructions, arranging six matters as proof to clarify that it is not false or erroneous, in order to lead beings to believe. If the six conditions are not complete, the teaching will not arise; they are named the six fulfillments. At the beginning of the various sūtras, explanations are extremely voluminous; here I only briefly raise the main essentials, the rest being extensive as found there. First, "Thus": "Thus" is a term indicating phenomena, namely indicating the Dharma-gate spoken in the core doctrine. Conforming to principle is called "thus"; being free from error is called "so" [= true]. Hearing and upholding it due to faith is called the fulfillment of faith. Second, "have I heard": Ānanda himself says that he personally heard it from the Buddha, not reported through others; this is the fulfillment of hearing. Third, "at one time": the gathering of host and companions, the preaching and listening from beginning to end, differentiating it from other times; this is the fulfillment of time. Fourth, "the Buddha": the Lord of the Teaching, Śākya, personally expounded it from his golden mouth, not spoken by others; this is the fulfillment of the host. Spoken fully as "Buddha", translated as "the Awakened One"; the name "Awakened" is general, but here it is restricted to wondrous awakening, the ultimate final fruit, one of the ten titles; this is a general title. Fifth, "dwelling at Śrāvastī..." and so on: the preaching of the sūtra has a location; mentioning Śrāvastī is the realm of touring and transforming; mentioning the Jetavana is the place of residence; this is the fulfillment of place. Śrāvastī is translated as "famed things", meaning that its people and wealth are plentiful and its fame is heard far in various lands. Jeta gave the trees and Anāthapiṇḍada bought the park; together they formed the Buddha's monastery, hence it was named after them. Sixth, "together with a great bhikṣu..." and so on: the great assembly of the fourfold community of monastics and laity gathering together, not heard by me alone; this is the fulfillment of the assembly. The assembly has three categories: first, the śrāvaka assembly; second, "together with all..." and so on, which is the bodhisattva assembly; third, "and Śakra..." and so on, the human and deva assembly. The śrāvakas constantly attended upon the Buddha and moreover had superior deportment, hence they are listed first; the bodhisattvas concealed or revealed themselves without fixity and were unrestrained in form and dress, hence they follow next; the lay assembly of humans and devas differed completely in form and dress, hence they are listed at the end.