大般涅槃經集解 22.58

22.58

案僧亮曰：至無至處者，無至名無始，從無始已來盡發露也。又無至名涅槃，以發露能至涅槃也。膏油俱盡者，言佛由行，得自然相好，亦與人俱滅耳。若有菩薩以下，不信二人，用發露功德，迴向菩提，即名菩薩也。為闡提毀訾，言無因果。然諸菩薩不以彼惡，不捨而不救也。寶亮曰：從有生死際至涅槃以來，所作惡業盡皆發露。作此心而悔，則無罪而不滅也。獼猴捉水中月者，為闡提作喻。夫水中之月，月之影也。獼猴譬闡提，月譬涅槃，水譬有漏相善，水中月譬涅槃影也。無水則無月影，緣有佛說有漏之善，善本資向涅槃，氣分相關也。凡夫脩相善，故遏重惑，得人天報，無大麁苦，顛倒謂樂。猶如闡提，見生死中五欲之樂謂為真實也。

Sengliang notes: 'Reaching the placeless place': 'placeless' is called beginningless; everything from the beginningless past onwards is fully disclosed. Furthermore, 'placeless' is called nirvāṇa, because through disclosure one can reach nirvāṇa. 'Both the fat and the oil are exhausted' means that through practice the Buddha attains the natural marks and signs, and they also perish together with the person. 'If there is a bodhisattva' and below: those two persons who lacked faith use the merit of disclosure to dedicate toward bodhi, and are then named bodhisattvas. They are reviled by the icchantika, who says there is no cause and effect. Yet the bodhisattvas do not, on account of their evil, fail to refrain from abandoning them without saving them. Baoliang says: From the limit of saṃsāra up to nirvāṇa, all evil karma that has been done is fully disclosed. If one repents with this mind, there is no transgression that is not extinguished. The monkey grasping the moon in the water serves as a metaphor for the icchantika. The moon in the water is the reflection of the moon. The monkey represents the icchantika, the moon represents nirvāṇa, the water represents goodness with marks that is contaminated, and the moon in the water represents the reflection of nirvāṇa. Without water there is no moon reflection; because there is the Buddha speaking of contaminated goodness, which originally assists in heading toward nirvāṇa, their energy and share are correlated. Ordinary persons cultivate goodness with marks, and thus hold back heavy delusions and attain human and deva rewards; lacking great, coarse suffering, they invertedly call it bliss. This is just as the icchantika sees the bliss of the five desires in saṃsāra and calls it real.