大般涅槃經集解 32.28

32.28

案道生曰：惑者皆以所惑為實，名世諦也。雖云世諦，實不遂異，故是第一義耳。第一義諦，終不變為世諦也。僧亮曰：欲明二皆是妄也。何者？兩實則不可相即；既相即，以明兩無也。法瑤曰：名無二實，唯唯一矣。一實之理，理不可名，豈可即乎？但寄即以遣即，名無二實，非有一實而可即也。僧宗曰：一答兩關也。既言即也，豈有楚越之過？即理是同，豈有妄說之失耶？所以言即者，非以空作色、以色作空也，以第一義諦從本來不可得。今明世諦不可得，不可得者豈可分別？故言即也。寶亮曰：病者逐言生惑，今欲捉己心令住，故唱云世諦即第一義諦。不於法外覓法，但致即之名，本就異中明耳，非兩乖之說。

Daosheng notes: "The deluded all take what they are deluded about to be real, which is called the conventional truth. Although called the conventional truth, in reality it does not deviate into difference; hence it is just the ultimate truth. The ultimate truth never changes into the conventional truth." Sengliang says: "He intends to clarify that both are false. Why? Two realities cannot be identical with each other; since they are identical with each other, this clarifies that both are non-existent." Fayao says: "The names lack two realities; there is only one. The principle of the one reality cannot be named; how could there be identity? One merely relies on 'identity' to dispel identity; the names lack two realities, yet it is not that there is a single reality that could be identified with." Sengzong says: "One answer resolves both checkpoints. Since he says 'is none other than', how could there be the fault of [being as distant as] Chu and Yue? Since their identity in principle is the same, how could there be the error of false speech? The reason he speaks of 'identity' is not that emptiness is made into form or form is made into emptiness; it is that the ultimate truth is from the beginning unobtainable. Now he clarifies that the conventional truth is unobtainable. How could that which is unobtainable be distinguished? Hence he says 'is none other than'." Baoliang says: "The afflicted pursue words and generate confusion. Now, wishing to grasp their minds and make them settle, he proclaims that the conventional truth is none other than the ultimate truth. One does not seek dharmas outside of dharmas; merely positing the word 'identity' was originally meant to explain within difference, not to propound two incompatible views."