大般涅槃經集解 40.10

40.10

案僧亮曰：大判菩薩有二種，有世間者、有出世間者。若當持戒清淨，心固不動，終得發定生慧，知九十六種道所計者非，知佛法所明理者是也。是信用修行，斷二邊盡，屬知見人也。問。此是何處人？是信首五根以上，此人永與生死為隔，無復入三塗之憂，名作出世間菩薩也。若信心不立、持戒不淨，雖復見《涅槃經》信心受持，不識九十六種所計者非、佛法所明者是，此名作四念處。前人是世間菩薩，還結屬不知見覺人數也。此下去凡有三重文來料簡：初就信慧心中成就不成就來簡向所解者，即為第一重也。第二就弘法人中料簡。若是惡世中持清淨、不生誹謗，識知九十六種道所計者非，驗佛法所計者，此是出世間菩薩，落知見覺人位也。若當雖復惡世弘通此經，持戒不清淨，又生物誹謗，復不識知內外是非，此名世間菩薩，屬不知見覺人流也。第三就六念來簡。若依《涅槃經》作六念處成就，知內外是非者，名出世間菩薩，是知見覺人。若使作六念不成就，由依昔教學，復不識知內外是非，名作世間菩薩，不知見覺者也。

Sengliang states: Broadly classified, there are two kinds of bodhisattvas: those who are mundane and those who are supramundane. If one maintains the precepts purely with a firm and unshakable mind, one will ultimately give rise to concentration and generate wisdom, knowing that what is posited by the ninety-six heterodox paths is wrong and knowing that the principle clarified by the Buddha's Dharma is right. This is one who trusts and practices, cutting off the two extremes completely; such a one belongs to the class of people who know and see. Question: What kind of person is this? It is a person at or above the five faculties beginning with faith; this person is forever separated from saṃsāra, has no further anxiety about entering the three destinies, and is called a supramundane bodhisattva. If the faithful mind is not established and the maintenance of precepts is impure, then even if one encounters the Nirvāṇa Sūtra and accepts and upholds it with faith, but does not recognize that what is posited by the ninety-six kinds is wrong and that what is clarified by the Buddha's Dharma is right, this is called the four foundations of mindfulness. The former person is a mundane bodhisattva, and is in turn concluded to belong to the category of people who do not know, see, or perceive. From here on, there are altogether three levels of text that categorize them: First, categorizing what was just explained in terms of accomplishment or non-accomplishment within the mind of faith and wisdom; this is the first level. Second, categorizing among those who propagate the Dharma: if in an evil age one maintains purity without giving rise to slander, recognizes that what is posited by the ninety-six heterodox paths is wrong, and verifies what is posited by the Buddha's Dharma, this is a supramundane bodhisattva, falling into the rank of people who know, see, and perceive. If, even while propagating this sūtra in an evil age, one's maintenance of precepts is impure, one also causes beings to slander [the Dharma], and one also fails to recognize what is right and wrong between the internal and external, this is called a mundane bodhisattva, belonging to the stream of people who do not know, see, or perceive. Third, categorizing in terms of the six recollections: if, relying on the Nirvāṇa Sūtra, one accomplishes the four foundations of mindfulness through the six recollections and knows the right and wrong of the internal and external, one is called a supramundane bodhisattva and is a person who knows, sees, and perceives. If one fails to accomplish the six recollections, still relying on past study, and also fails to recognize the right and wrong of the internal and external, one is called a mundane bodhisattva, one who does not know, see, or perceive.