大般涅槃經集解 53.26

53.26

案寶亮曰：釋二乘人。何以故？此人有九因緣不能去，若無此九事則去。何者為九？一知食不安而反食者，二乘人自知己所得果不如於他，而強執為是也。二多食者，二乘人求果心併故，所以不能遠取佛果也。三宿食未消而更食者，有漏中四倒伏而未斷，而今更起佛上四倒也。四大小便利不隨時者，執相心固，斷結不以理也。五病時不隨醫教者，不行菩薩大乘之化也。六不隨瞻病教者，不從善知識也。七強耐不吐者，強執二乘果為是，不捨小而從大也。八夜行者，無明心多也。九房室過差者，欲速滅此身無餘之樂。正有九病，若聞法即迴心而去；如其不迴，則難可開化。

Baoliang comments: Explaining the persons of the two vehicles. Why is this? These persons have nine causes and conditions by which they cannot proceed; if they are free of these nine matters, they will proceed. What are the nine? First, knowing that a food is unwholesome and yet eating it: persons of the two vehicles know that the fruit they have obtained is inferior to that of others, yet stubbornly cling to it as correct. Second, overeating: because the intent of the persons of the two vehicles to seek the fruit is impatient, they cannot attain the Buddha fruit from afar. Third, eating again before the previous meal is digested: the four inversions among the defiled are subdued but not yet severed, yet now they further give rise to the four inversions concerning the Buddha. Fourth, bowel and urinary evacuations not being done at proper times: their clinging to marks is firm, and they do not sever the fetters through principle. Fifth, when ill, failing to follow the physician's instructions: they do not practice the conversion of the bodhisattva's Great Vehicle. Sixth, failing to follow the attendant's instructions: they do not follow good spiritual friends. Seventh, stubbornly holding back and not vomiting: stubbornly clinging to the fruit of the two vehicles as correct, not abandoning the small to follow the great. Eighth, walking at night: having much ignorant mind. Ninth, excessive sexual misconduct: desiring the bliss of quickly extinguishing this body in non-remainder. Because they have these nine sicknesses, if they hear the Dharma, they turn their minds and proceed; if they do not turn, it is difficult to enlighten and transform them."