大般涅槃經集解 65.50

65.50

案僧亮曰：受是初識支也。識能受生，故名受也。道慧記曰：當知是受即是行有。此未來識支，從今世業識支、從今世業所得故，即是行有也。此業亦名為行，亦名為有也。從受因緣生名色無明愛取有行者，此並未來一生中事也。此事名色下應有六入觸受等，略無此三支也。受觸識六入等，是故受者即十二支者，此復是後身中事也。以未來生中無明愛取有行故，復生後身受觸識六入等也。六入等者，此略不出下諸支名，故言等也。受者，故是初生識支耳。觸識者，是即名色支也。四陰曰名，四陰之體正是心及心數耳。故今言觸識者，此舉心及數是為四陰也。道慧述曇纖曰：此中諸支名，常時隱而不出者，今則備列也。別曰：夫心心數法名數甚多，若制為十二因緣者，通三世制也。辨三世心數，從無明生愛訖，即是無明愛取，此明過去心數凡有四法。若就十二因緣為義，前三義總為無明支，愛取是無明分故，得通為一支也。當知即是者，明果不離因而有，故即之耳。凡夫不解，謂即一體無次第相生心數，此為失也。從有生受訖，更取有行，此明現在心數也。受者，是初受生識，故以受為名也。行有者，隨義更異名說也。就十二因緣為義，略無六入觸受三支也。無明愛此二總為支，取即取支，有行即有支也。受觸識六入等者，略不列觸受也。若就十二因緣為義，受即是生支，餘悉總為支也。是故受者，助十二支者也。受是現在受生之識，識是受生之主，據其主則三世俱有十二矣。

Sengliang comments: Feeling is the initial link of consciousness. Consciousness can receive rebirth, and therefore it is named 'feeling.' Daohui's notes say: 'One should know that this feeling is precisely karmic formations and existence.' This future link of consciousness, because it is obtained from the karmic consciousness link of this life and from the karma of this life, is precisely karmic formations and existence. This karma is also named 'karmic formations' and is also named 'existence.' 'From the causal conditions of feeling arise name-and-form, ignorance, craving, grasping, existence, and karmic formations': these are all events within one future life. In these events, below name-and-form there should be the six sense bases, contact, feeling, and so forth, but these three links are abbreviated and omitted. 'Feeling, contact, consciousness, the six sense bases, and so forth; therefore, feeling is precisely the twelve links': this is again an event in a subsequent existence. Because in a future life there are ignorance, craving, grasping, existence, and karmic formations, feeling, contact, consciousness, the six sense bases, and so forth are again generated in a subsequent existence. 'The six sense bases and so forth': this abbreviates and does not set forth the names of the links below, and therefore it says 'and so forth.' 'Feeling' is still just the link of consciousness when newly born. 'Contact and consciousness' are precisely the link of name-and-form. The four aggregates are called 'name'; the substance of the four aggregates is precisely the mind and mental factors. Therefore, now saying 'contact and consciousness' brings up the mind and factors, which constitute the four aggregates. Daohui recounts Tanxian's words: The names of the various links here, which are normally concealed and not set forth, are now fully listed. It is also said: The names and items of mind and mental factors are exceedingly numerous; if they are instituted as the twelve causal conditions, they are instituted across the three times. Distinguishing the mental factors of the three times: from 'from ignorance arises craving' down to 'is precisely ignorance, craving, and grasping,' this clarifies that the past mental factors have four dharmas in total. If taken according to the meaning of the twelve causal conditions, the first three meanings are combined into the link of ignorance; craving and grasping are components of ignorance, and therefore can be combined into one link. 'One should know that it is precisely': this clarifies that the effect does not exist apart from the cause, and therefore is identical to it. Ordinary beings do not understand and think it is a single substance without mental factors successively giving rise to one another; this is an error. From 'from existence arises feeling' down to 'again grasping existence and karmic formations,' this clarifies present mental factors. 'Feeling' is the consciousness that first receives rebirth, hence it takes 'feeling' as its name. 'Karmic formations and existence' are spoken of under different names according to their meanings. Taken according to the meaning of the twelve causal conditions, it abbreviates and lacks the three links of the six sense bases, contact, and feeling. Ignorance and craving are combined into a link; grasping is the link of grasping; existence and karmic formations are the link of existence. 'Feeling, contact, consciousness, the six sense bases, and so forth' abbreviates and does not list contact and feeling. If taken according to the meaning of the twelve causal conditions, feeling is precisely the link of birth, and the rest are all combined into links. 'Therefore, feeling assists the twelve links.' Feeling is the consciousness that receives rebirth in the present; consciousness is the master of receiving rebirth. Based on its master, the three times all have the twelve.