大般涅槃經集解 7.22

7.22

案道生曰：翻八倒故，名出世間也。下結云「以不倒故，知字知義」也。僧亮曰：比丘既不免有倒，則因世間四倒，謂知名而不知義也。法瑤曰：此下始釋勝修義。先舉世間常樂等倒，以顯出世間常不倒者，勝修義也。有字義者，釋所以為修也。僧宗曰：佛指比丘爾所計也。出生間亦有者，謂有字有義，所以為勝修也。寶亮曰：下將有釋，先開二門：一謂有字無義、二謂有字有義也。

Daosheng states: Because it overturns the eight inversions, it is called supramundane. Below it concludes: 'Because it is not inverted, it knows both the words and the meaning.' Sengliang states: Since the monks are not exempt from having inversions, it is because of the worldly four inversions; this means knowing the name but not knowing the meaning. Fayao states: From here on begins the explanation of the meaning of superior cultivation. First he brings up worldly inversions such as permanence and bliss, so as to reveal that the non-inverted permanence of the supramundane is the meaning of superior cultivation. Having words and meaning explains why it constitutes cultivation. Sengzong states: The Buddha points to what the monks were conceptualizing at that time. Saying that the supramundane also has them means having both words and meaning, which is why it constitutes superior cultivation. Baoliang states: Intending to explain below, he first opens two gates: first, having words but lacking meaning; second, having both words and meaning.