大般涅槃經義記 10.57

10.57

「迦葉言」下，問答重顯。先問何緣八正道者名沙門那。下佛為解。其沙門那，正翻名息，息眾過故，從斯得果名沙門果。文中三番：一能息乏名沙門那。「沙門名乏」舉其所息。為業煩惱驅馳六道，所以名乏。「那者名道」舉其能息。此出那體，非解那義。那義名息，故五度中阿那出息、般那入息。「如是道者斷一切乏」正解那義。「斷一切乏」故名為息。下牒結之。「斷一切道」牒前能斷一切乏道。「以是義」者，以是聖道斷乏義故。「名八正道為沙門那」，從斯得果，名沙門果。二能息惡名沙門那。「如世樂靜亦名沙門」舉世名義。此名略少，若具應言：樂靜息亂名沙門那。「如是道者亦如是」下，約之顯法。三息下為上名沙門那。「如世下人能作上人是名沙門」舉世名義。「如是道」下，約之顯法。

From "Kāśyapa said" downward, the question and answer re-clarify [the meaning]. First, he asks: for what reason is the Eightfold Noble Path called śramaṇa? Below, the Buddha explains it for him. Now, śramaṇa is correctly translated as "quelling," because it quells all faults; obtaining the fruit from this is called the fruit of the śramaṇa. In the text there are three rounds: First, being able to quell deficiency is called śramaṇa. "Śramaṇa is called deficiency" raises what is quelled. Being driven through the six destinies by karma and afflictions—this is why it is called deficiency. "-ṇa is called the path" raises what can quell it. This brings out the substance of -ṇa, not an explanation of the meaning of -ṇa. The meaning of -ṇa is called "breath/quelling"; hence, among the five degrees [of breath control], āna is the out-breath and prāṇa is the in-breath. "Such a path severs all deficiency" directly explains the meaning of -ṇa. Because it "severs all deficiency," it is called "quelling." Below, he takes it up and concludes it: "Severs all paths" takes up the previous path that can sever all deficiency. "For this reason" means: because this noble path has the meaning of severing deficiency. "The Eightfold Noble Path is called śramaṇa"; obtaining the fruit from this is called the fruit of the śramaṇa. Second, being able to quell evil is called śramaṇa. "Just as in the world taking pleasure in quietude is also called śramaṇa" raises the worldly conventional name and meaning. This name is somewhat abbreviated; if stated completely, it should say: "Taking pleasure in quietude and quelling turbulence is called śramaṇa." From "Such a path is also like this" downward, he reveals the Dharma with reference to it. Third, quelling the low to become high is called śramaṇa. "Just as in the world a low person being able to become a superior person is called a śramaṇa" raises the worldly conventional name and meaning. From "Such a path" downward, he reveals the Dharma with reference to it.