大般涅槃經義記 2.52

2.52

第二聖說無我喻中，文別有三：一如來出現喻；二「是時舊醫不知諮」下，反迹同邪喻；三「是時客醫即為王」下，破邪通正喻。初中「明醫」喻佛如來，能宣治法故說為醫。「曉八術」者，喻佛如來明識根藥。何者八術？一知病體；二知病因；三知病相；四知病處，或在五臟或在支節；五知病時，平旦發者是如此病，如是等也；六者知藥，識其藥體；七者知治，知如此藥治如是病；八者知禁，知如是病服如是藥、忌如是食，如是等也。善療知方八中差別，從真現應名遠方來。

In the second analogy of the Noble One teaching non-self, the text has three distinct parts: 1) the analogy of the Tathāgata's appearance; 2) from "at this time, the former physician did not know to consult..." onward, the analogy of turning away and conforming to heterodoxy; 3) from "at this time, the visiting physician immediately for the king's sake..." onward, the analogy of refuting heterodoxy and establishing the correct. In the first part, "intelligent physician" is an analogy for the Buddha, the Tathāgata; being able to expound methods of treatment, he is spoken of as a physician. "Skilled in the eight arts" is an analogy for the Buddha, the Tathāgata, clearly recognizing faculties and medicines. What are the eight arts? 1) knowing the substance of an illness; 2) knowing the cause of an illness; 3) knowing the symptoms of an illness; 4) knowing the location of an illness, whether in the five viscera or in the limbs and joints; 5) knowing the timing of an illness, such that what arises at dawn is such an illness, and so forth; 6) knowing medicines, recognizing the substance of medicines; 7) knowing treatments, knowing that such a medicine cures such an illness; 8) knowing contraindications, knowing that for such an illness one takes such a medicine and avoids such foods, and so forth. Being skilled in healing and knowing formulas refers to the distinctions among these eight. Manifesting a response body from the real is called coming from a distant land.