大般涅槃經義記 3.37

3.37

「阿羅漢」者，此名無著，斷有因故；亦名無生，盡苦果故。位分何處？分別有三：一者守果，在第十地；二者攝因，九地已上同名羅漢；三者進向，上盡金剛，合說後二為阿羅漢，以此同在究竟地故。理實佛是高美其人，故同佛稱。此皆菩薩，何故乃用聲聞、凡夫名字名之？此雖菩薩位分，與彼小乘麁同，欲令未來所化凡夫二乘人等准小知大，故用名之。

'Arhat' is named here 'unattached', because the causes of existence are severed; it is also called 'non-arising', because the fruits of suffering are exhausted. Where is its stage located? In distinction there are three: first, maintaining the fruit, which is on the tenth bhūmi; second, including the cause, from the ninth bhūmi onward they are collectively called arhat; third, advancing toward, extending upward through the vajra[-like concentration]. Combining the latter two, it is called arhat, because these are equally on the ultimate ground. In actual principle, it is the Buddha who is extolling these persons, and thus they share the Buddha's epithet. Since these are all bodhisattvas, why are they named using the designations of śrāvakas and ordinary people? Although these are bodhisattva stages, they broadly correspond to those of the Hīnayāna; in order to cause the ordinary people, two-vehicle persons, and others to be transformed in the future to understand the great by standard of the small, these names are therefore used.