大般涅槃經義記 3.81

3.81

就善趣中，先辨初人，句別有二：一護法行，「因熙連佛所發菩提心」，熙連是其恒河眷屬，於此河中一沙一佛，於爾許佛所發菩提心方能護法行；二護法行，惡世不謗。第二人中句別有三：一護法行因，一恒佛所發菩提心；二護法行，不謗同前，加以愛樂；三明所不能，不能廣說。第三人中句別亦三：一護法行因，二恒發心；二護法行，惡世不謗，信樂同前，加能受持；三明所不能，不能廣說。第四人中句亦有三：一護法行因，三恒發心；二護法行，餘行如上加能廣說；三明所不能，不能解義。第五人中亦有三句：一護法行因，四恒發心；二護法行，餘行同前加能解義，十六分中得其一分，云何十六？於此經中所有義味攝為十六，如說一慈為十六分，一斤以為十六兩等；三明所不能，雖能說法亦不具足。此五同在善趣位中。

Among those of the good destinies, the first person is clarified first, with two distinct clauses: first, the practice of protecting the Dharma: "having aroused the mind of bodhi in the presence of Hiraṇya Buddhas"; Hiraṇya is a tributary of the Ganges River, where there is a Buddha for every grain of sand in this river, and only after arousing the mind of bodhi in the presence of so many Buddhas can one practice protecting the Dharma; second, the practice of protecting the Dharma without slandering it in an evil age. For the second person, there are three distinct clauses: first, the cause of the practice of protecting the Dharma: having aroused the mind of bodhi in the presence of one Ganges' [worth of] Buddhas; second, the practice of protecting the Dharma: not slandering, as before, with the addition of cherishing and delighting in it; third, clarifying what one is incapable of: being unable to expound it widely. For the third person, there are also three clauses: first, the cause of the practice of protecting the Dharma: arousing the mind in the presence of two Ganges' [worth of Buddhas]; second, the practice of protecting the Dharma: not slandering in an evil age, with faith and delight as before, with the addition of being able to accept and uphold it; third, clarifying what one is incapable of: being unable to expound it widely. For the fourth person, there are also three clauses: first, the cause of the practice of protecting the Dharma: arousing the mind in the presence of three Ganges' [worth of Buddhas]; second, the practice of protecting the Dharma: the remaining practices are as above, with the addition of being able to expound it widely; third, clarifying what one is incapable of: being unable to understand the meaning. For the fifth person, there are also three clauses: first, the cause of the practice of protecting the Dharma: arousing the mind in the presence of four Ganges' [worth of Buddhas]; second, the practice of protecting the Dharma: the remaining practices are as before, with the addition of being able to understand the meaning, obtaining one part out of sixteen parts. What are the sixteen? All the meanings and savours in this sūtra are subsumed into sixteen, just as speaking of one [measure of] loving-kindness as sixteen parts, or one catty as sixteen ounces, and so forth; third, clarifying what one is incapable of: although able to expound the Dharma, one does so incompletely. These five are together in the stage of the good destinies.