大般涅槃經義記 5.178

5.178

常中，初略，次廣，後結。「諸外道輩亦說是常」是初略也，謂說五陰諸行常矣。「云何」下廣，先徵、後辯，有八復次：一以可意、不可意報受之不失證成常義，先直立常，「若言」已下難破無常，「以是義」下結成己常；二以殺生為因不亡證成常義，先自立常，「若言」已下難破無常；三「繫心」下以彼世人專念不忘證成常義，先自立常，「若無常」下難破無常；四「一切憶」下以其所想不滅證常，「若無常」下難破無常；五「諸所作業」下以所久習增長證常；六「算數」下以其算數增長證常，先立常義，次破無常，「以一不滅得至二」下結成己常；七「如讀誦」下以其讀誦漸增證常，亦初立常，次破無常，後結常義；八「瓶衣」下以其一切諸物不滅證成常義，後結可知。

Regarding permanence, it is first brief, next broad, and afterward concludes. 'All the non-Buddhists also speak of this as permanent' is the initial brief [statement], meaning that they speak of the conditioned phenomena of the five aggregates as permanent. From 'how' onward is broad, first inquiring and then discerning; there are eight further points: First, proving the meaning of permanence by the non-loss of receiving agreeable and disagreeable retributions: first directly establishing permanence; from 'if it is said' onward, challenging and refuting impermanence; from 'by this meaning' onward, concluding and establishing their own permanence. Second, proving the meaning of permanence by the cause of killing living beings not perishing: first establishing permanence oneself; from 'if it is said' onward, challenging and refuting impermanence. Third, from 'binding the mind' onward, proving the meaning of permanence by worldly people's focused recollection not being forgotten: first establishing permanence oneself; from 'if impermanent' onward, challenging and refuting impermanence. Fourth, from 'all recollections' onward, proving permanence by what is conceived not being destroyed; from 'if impermanent' onward, challenging and refuting impermanence. Fifth, from 'all actions performed' onward, proving permanence by long practice increasing. Sixth, from 'reckoning and counting' onward, proving permanence by reckoning and counting increasing: first establishing the meaning of permanence, next refuting impermanence; from 'because one does not perish, one is able to reach two' onward, concluding and establishing their own permanence. Seventh, from 'just as reciting' onward, proving permanence by recitation gradually increasing: also first establishing permanence, next refuting impermanence, and afterward concluding the meaning of permanence. Eighth, from 'vessels and clothing' onward, proving the meaning of permanence by all things not perishing; the subsequent conclusion can be known.