大般涅槃經疏 1.30

1.30

與者，共也，《釋論》以七一釋共，謂一處、一時、一戒、一心、一見、一道、一解脫。諸比丘與佛同此七一，故言佛與。若三藏明義，丈六佛與諸比丘同是拘尸處、同在涅槃時、同律儀戒、同禪定心、同無漏見、同涅槃道、同有餘脫，七皆同佛，是故言共。若通教明義，五同二別。何者？體法智慧即色見空，非色滅空；此見不同摩訶衍道，不同隘路，道不同也，當知二別。若別教明義，尊特身佛時處等七，前兩比丘之所不見，如為盲人設燭，何益無目者乎。戒、心、見、道、解脫於前兩比丘，如為聾人奏樂，何益無耳者乎。此佛不與前兩比丘共。此中比丘尚不與前佛共，況比丘耶？若圓明義，佛之七一皆佛境界，唯與圓菩薩共、住首楞嚴示比丘像者共，尚不與前三佛共，況比丘耶？今言共者，皆是大權及開顯竟故也。

'Accompanied by' means together with. The Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa explains 'together' by means of the seven uniformities: one place, one time, one precept, one mind, one view, one path, and one liberation. The monks shared these seven uniformities with the Buddha, hence it says 'the Buddha was accompanied by'. If explained according to the Tripiṭaka teaching: the sixteen-foot Buddha and the monks shared the same place in Kuśinagara, the same time of nirvāṇa, the same moral precepts of discipline, the same mind of meditative concentration, the same view of taintlessness, the same path of nirvāṇa, and the same liberation with residue—all seven being identical with the Buddha, hence it says 'together'. If explained according to the Shared Teaching, five are identical and two differ. How so? The wisdom that understands phenomena realizes emptiness directly in form, not emptiness through the annihilation of form; this view differs from the Mahāyāna path, and does not differ from the narrow path; the paths are not the same, so one should know that two differ. If explained according to the Distinct Teaching, the seven items such as the time and place of the Buddha of the exalted and distinctive body cannot be seen by the previous two [kinds of] monks; just as lighting a candle for a blind man, of what benefit is it to one without eyes? Precepts, mind, view, path, and liberation are to the previous two [kinds of] monks like playing music for a deaf man; of what benefit is it to one without ears? This Buddha is not together with the previous two [kinds of] monks. The monks in this [teaching] are not even together with the previous Buddha, how much less with [these] monks? If explained according to the Perfect Teaching, the Buddha's seven uniformities are all the Buddha's realm; they are shared only with the bodhisattvas of the Perfect Teaching, and shared with those who abide in the śūraṅgama[-samādhi] and manifest the appearance of monks; they are not even shared with the previous three buddhas, how much less with [ordinary] monks? When it now speaks of 'together', it is because all are great provisional manifestations and their definitive revelation has already been completed.