涅槃經遊意 1.212

1.212

又對四人明四因四德。四人者：則闡提、外道、聲聞、緣覺也；四因者：謂信心、般若、虛空三昧、大悲。破闡提不信明信，信故得淨德也；般若對外道，外道著我人一異，般若正慧破一異，我心故明，般若故得真我德；虛空三昧破聲聞厭苦無常，在可厭故得三昧，三昧故得樂德也；大悲對緣覺，緣覺著無常果永入滅，無大悲故，大悲破無常得常德也。為對四人明四因，故釋四德也。

Furthermore, in correspondence with the four kinds of persons, it clarifies the four causes and four virtues. The four kinds of persons are icchantikas, heterodox practitioners, śrāvakas, and pratyekabuddhas. The four causes are faith, prajñā, the space samādhi, and great compassion. To shatter the faithlessness of the icchantika, it clarifies faith; through faith, one attains the virtue of purity. Prajñā corresponds to heterodox practitioners: heterodox practitioners cling to identity or difference regarding self and person; the correct wisdom of prajñā shatters identity and difference, so the conception of self is clarified, and through prajñā one attains the virtue of true self. The space samādhi shatters the śrāvaka's aversion to suffering and impermanence: regarding what is repulsive, one attains samādhi, and through samādhi one attains the virtue of bliss. Great compassion corresponds to pratyekabuddhas: pratyekabuddhas cling to the fruit of impermanence and permanently enter extinction because they lack great compassion; great compassion shatters impermanence, attaining the virtue of permanence. To correspond to the four kinds of persons, it clarifies the four causes, thereby explaining the four virtues.