注維摩詰經 4.188

4.188

什曰：夫魚之為性，惟水是依。女人之性，唯樂是欲。初發道意，自厲修善，未能樂也。積德既淳則欣樂彌深，經難不變、履苦愈篤，內心愛樂、外無餘歡，令其以此自娛，則厭天樂。自此以下列萬法者，旨取法中之樂，不取法也。肇曰：女人之性唯樂是欲，以其初捨天樂，故示以法樂。夫能以弘道為美積德為欣者，雖復經苦履難而不改其美，天地所重無易其欣。以此自娛，樂之極也，豈五欲之所存？自此下備列諸行，以明超世之道至歡之所由生也。生曰：入理未深，不能無樂。若無有代，必思舊樂而退矣，故說法樂以易其昔五欲樂也。

[Kumāra]jīva says: The nature of fish is to rely solely upon water; the nature of women is to desire only pleasure. When first generating the resolve for the Way, they exert themselves to cultivate goodness, but cannot yet find joy in it. When their accumulated virtue matures, their delight becomes ever deeper; going through hardships they do not waver, and experiencing suffering they become firmer, delighting inwardly with no further pleasures outside. Causing them to entertain themselves with this, they tire of heavenly pleasures. From this point on, where myriad dharmas are listed, the intention is to take the joy within the Dharma, not the dharmas themselves. [Seng]zhao says: The nature of women is to desire only pleasure; because they have just abandoned heavenly pleasures, he indicates to them the joy of the Dharma. When one can regard propagating the Way as beauty and accumulating virtue as joy, though passing through suffering and encountering hardship one does not alter that beauty; nothing honored by heaven and earth can replace that joy. Entertaining oneself with this is the utmost pleasure; how could it reside in the five desires? From this point on, all practices are fully listed to clarify that the supreme joy of the world-transcending Way originates from this. [Dao]sheng says: When one has not yet entered deeply into principle, one cannot be without pleasure. If there is nothing to replace it, they would surely long for former pleasures and regress; hence he speaks of the joy of the Dharma to replace their former pleasure in the five desires.