注維摩詰經 8.202

8.202

肇曰：夫善因惡起、淨由穢增，此土十惡法具，故十德增長。彼土純善，故施德無地，所以百千劫行不如一世也。別本云「十惡業」，什曰：十惡業有上中下，上地獄報、中畜生報、下餓鬼報。一品中復有三品，如是九品不善，三惡道中受九品苦報者也。

[Seng]zhao says: The good arises due to evil; the pure increases by way of the defiled. Because this land has all ten evil dharmas, the ten virtues increase. That land is purely good, so there is no ground on which to bestow virtue; this is why hundreds of thousands of kalpas of practice do not equal a single lifetime. Another text reads 'ten evil karmas.' [Kumāra]jīva says: The ten evil karmas have superior, medium, and inferior degrees: the superior brings retribution in the hells, the medium brings retribution among animals, and the inferior brings retribution among hungry ghosts. Within each grade there are again three grades; thus there are nine grades of unwholesomeness, and one receives nine grades of bitter retribution in the three evil destinies.