維摩義記 4.18

4.18

自下第二諸菩薩問，文殊對之以言遣言而顯不二。於中先問。「如是諸菩薩」，牒舉問人。「各各說已」，結前起後。「問文殊」下，正宣問辭。「何等菩薩入不二門」下，文殊答。「如我意者」，文殊彰己隨自意語不隨他也。「於一切法無言說」等，正辨其相。法有二種：一是世諦、二第一義諦。通則此二皆有可說、不可說義。以名攝法，法隨名轉，一切可說。以可說故，諸佛說法常依二諦。就實推求，法皆離名。以無名故，一切叵說。故《地持》中說「一切法離於言說、離假名性。」於中別分，世諦可說、真諦叵說。故龍樹云「第一義者，言語道斷，心行處滅。」今據末後。分相門中明第一義妙寂離言，故云無言說乃至離答為真不二。

From here below is the second [part], where the bodhisattvas ask, and Mañjuśrī responds by using words to eliminate words, thereby revealing non-duality. Therein, first is the question. "These bodhisattvas" identifies the questioners. "Having each spoken" concludes what precedes and introduces what follows. From "asked Mañjuśrī" down, the words of the question are formally stated. From "What is a bodhisattva's entrance into the gate of non-duality?" down, Mañjuśrī answers. "As for what is in my mind" shows that Mañjuśrī is speaking according to his own thought, not following others. "In all dharmas, there is no speech..." and so forth formally distinguishes its characteristics. Dharmas are of two kinds: first, conventional truth; second, the truth of the ultimate meaning. Taken broadly, both have senses of being expressible and inexpressible. Subsuming dharmas under names, dharmas turn along with names, and all can be expressed. Because they can be expressed, when the buddhas preach the Dharma, they always rely on the two truths. Inquiring into them according to the real, dharmas are all free from names. Because they are without names, all are inexpressible. Therefore the *Bodhisattvabhūmi* states: "All dharmas are free from speech and free from the nature of provisional designations." Distinguishing them individually within this, the conventional truth can be expressed, while the ultimate truth cannot be expressed. Therefore Nāgārjuna said: "For the ultimate meaning, the path of words is cut off, and the sphere of mental activity is extinguished." Now it is based on the latter. In the gate of distinguishing characteristics, it clarifies that the ultimate meaning is wondrous, quiescent, and free from words; therefore, it says that there being no speech down to being free from answers is true non-duality.