維摩義記 4.25

4.25

Regarding the subsequent passage where Vimalakīrti procures the food, there are three sections in the text: First, he rebukes what was thought so as to make him abandon impure food. Second, from "If you wish" onward, he promises to procure food so as to make them seek pure food. Third, from "At that time Vimalakīrti entered samādhi" onward, he directly procures the food, fulfilling the desire of their minds. In the first section, "Vimalakīrti" indicates the person who can rebuke. "Knew his thought" explains the reason for the rebuke. "And said" and below directly sets forth the words of the rebuke. "The Buddha taught the eight liberations, which you, benevolent one, have received and practiced" adduces what he understands. The eight liberations are the dharmas for departing from desire; therefore they are specially cited. The meaning is as in the separate chapter; here it should be discussed extensively, but now their names are briefly listed: possessing internal form and externally observing forms; having no internal form and externally observing forms; the liberation of the sign of the pure as the third; the station of space as the fourth; the station of consciousness as the fifth; nothingness as the sixth; neither-perception[-nor-non-perception] as the seventh; and cessation as the eighth. These eight depart from fetters, and are thus named "liberations." They turn away from lower faults; therefore in the sūtra they are called "turning away and abandoning." Moreover, Nāgārjuna says: "Turning away from the pure five desires and abandoning the clinging mind is also called 'turning away and abandoning.'" "You, benevolent one, have received and practiced" clarifies that he ought to be free from desire. "How could it be mixed with desire..." and so forth relies on this understanding to rebuke him. "How" means "how could it be permissible?" Having received and practiced the eight liberations, could it be permissible to mix the mind of greedily desiring food while listening to the Dharma? Because taking and using this impure food has many faults, he rebukes him to make him abandon it.