維摩經玄疏 3.186

3.186

第三、約別教明位，釋無垢、稱義者，此教通詮假名，如如來藏佛性之理，菩薩稟此教門修（行得）證，從淺至深，故須明位。此別教入道，亦有四門，今但約空有門明行位也。如《大涅槃經》云：「第一義空，名為佛性。智者見空，及與不空；聲聞、辟支佛，但見於空，不見不空。」不空者，即佛性也。就此即為三意：一，明經論辨別教不同；二，略明別教位；三，約別教釋淨、無垢、稱義。

Third, regarding explaining the stages according to the distinctive teaching to interpret the meanings of 'undefiled' and 'fame': This teaching comprehensively explains conventional designations, like the principle of the tathāgatagarbha and buddha-nature. Bodhisattvas who receive this doctrinal gate cultivate, practice, and attain realization, proceeding from shallow to deep; hence the stages must be explained. Entering the path in this distinctive teaching also has four gates; here we explain the stages of practice only with reference to the gate of emptiness and existence. As the Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra says: 'Paramārtha emptiness is named buddha-nature. The wise see emptiness and also non-emptiness; śrāvakas and pratyekabuddhas see only emptiness and do not see non-emptiness.' Non-emptiness is precisely buddha-nature. In this there are three points: first, explaining that sūtras and treatises discern the distinctive teaching differently; second, briefly explaining the stages of the distinctive teaching; third, interpreting the meanings of 'pure', 'undefiled', and 'fame' according to the distinctive teaching.