維摩經玄疏 3.43

3.43

答曰：四教散在諸經論，無處而不明也。如上引《法華經》所明「貪著小乘，三藏學者」，《成實論》云「故我正欲論，三藏中實義」，豈非三藏教也！《大品經．勸學品》勸三乘同學般若，《中論》云「得諸法實相，有三種人」，豈非通教也！《無量義經》云「摩訶般若、華嚴海空，宣說菩薩歷劫修行」，《大智論》云「般若有二種：一者，共二乘說；二、不共二乘說」，如此等經論，豈非別教也！《華嚴經》明圓滿修多羅，此經明「一念知一切法，即是坐道場」，《大品經．具足品》云「一心具萬行」，《法華經》云「合掌以敬心，欲聞具足道」，《涅槃經》云「是大涅槃，名諸佛法界」，《大智論》云「三智其實一心得」……如此等諸經論，豈非並明圓教也！是義在下，自當分明。

Answer: The four teachings are scattered across various sūtras and treatises, nowhere left unclarified. As cited above, what is clarified in the *Lotus Sūtra* as "Greedily attached to the Small Vehicle, students of the Tripiṭaka," and the *Tattvasiddhi-śāstra* stating, "Therefore, I truly wish to explain the real meaning within the Tripiṭaka"—how could this not be the Tripiṭaka teaching! The "Exhortation to Learn" chapter of the *Large Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra* exhorted the three vehicles to study prajñā together, and the *Mūlamadhyamakakārikā* says, "There are three kinds of persons who attain the true mark of all dharmas"—how could this not be the shared teaching! The *Anantanirdeśa Sūtra* says, "The Mahāprajñā and the ocean-like emptiness of the *Avataṃsaka* expound the bodhisattva's practice through kalpas," and the *Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa* says, "Prajñā is of two kinds: first, spoken in common with the two vehicles; second, not spoken in common with the two vehicles"—how could such sūtras and treatises not be the distinctive teaching! The *Avataṃsaka Sūtra* clarifies the complete sūtra; this sūtra clarifies that "knowing all dharmas in a single thought-moment is precisely sitting at the site of enlightenment"; the "Complete" chapter of the *Large Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra* says, "One mind possesses all ten thousand practices"; the *Lotus Sūtra* says, "With palms joined and a reverent mind, / they wish to hear the complete path"; the *Nirvāṇa Sūtra* says, "This great nirvāṇa is called the dharma-realm of all buddhas"; the *Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa* says, "The three wisdoms are in truth attained in a single mind"... How could such sūtras and treatises as these not all clarify the perfect teaching! This meaning will naturally become clear below.