維摩經玄疏 4.57

4.57

第一、約觀心明三藏教相者，即是觀一念因緣所生之心生滅，折假入空。約此觀門，起一切三藏教也。若觀生滅四諦入道，即是修多羅藏，故《增一阿含》云「佛告諸比丘，謂一切法者，祇是一法。何等為一法？心是一法，離心無一切法也」，《智度論》云：「從初《轉法輪經》，至大涅槃結修多羅藏，此祇是約心生滅，說四聖諦」，即是法歸、法本之義也。觀心出一切毘尼藏者，佛制戒時，問諸比丘「汝何心作？若有心作，即是犯戒；有犯，故有持也。若無心作，則不名犯；犯義不成，不說持也」，故重心發戒，無心則不發戒。若言從心出阿毘曇藏者，四卷略說，名《毘曇心》；達磨波羅處中而說，名為《雜心》，如此皆是約心而辨毘曇。無比法者，分別諸心、心數法、一切法，不可比也。

First, clarifying the characteristics of the Tripiṭaka teaching in terms of contemplating the mind: that is, contemplating the arising and ceasing of the mind produced from conditions in a single thought, analyzing provisionality to enter emptiness. All the Tripiṭaka teachings arise in reference to this gate of contemplation. If one enters the Way through contemplating the arising and ceasing of the Four Truths, this is the Sūtra Piṭaka; thus the *Ekottarika Āgama* states: "The Buddha addressed the monks: 'What is called all dharmas is merely one dharma. What is this one dharma? The mind is this one dharma; apart from the mind there are no dharmas at all.'" The *Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa* states: "From the first *Dharmacakrapravartana Sūtra* to the Great Parinirvāṇa, the compilation of the Sūtra Piṭaka merely speaks of the four noble truths in terms of the arising and ceasing of the mind." This is precisely the meaning of the refuge of dharmas and the root of dharmas. Contemplating the mind producing the entire Vinaya Piṭaka: when the Buddha instituted the precepts, he asked the monks, "With what mind did you do it? If it was done with intention, then that is breaking the precept; because there is a breach, there is also upholding. If it was done without intention, it is not called a breach; if the meaning of breach is not established, one does not speak of upholding." Therefore, the precept is activated by an earnest mind; without intention, the precept is not activated. If we speak of the Abhidharma Piṭaka arising from the mind: the four-fascicle brief explanation is called the *Heart of Abhidharma* (*Abhidharmahṛdaya*); Dharmatrāta preached moderately, naming it the *Miscellaneous Heart* (*Saṃyuktābhidharmahṛdaya*). All such works discern the Abhidharma in terms of the mind. "Incomparable dharma" means distinguishing all minds, mental factors, and all dharmas, which cannot be compared.