維摩經略疏 1.103

1.103

「眾所知識」下，三歎德，為三：一總、二別、三結。初總歎者，即是初標歎德章門。若無自行化他之德，豈為眾所知識？此諸大士，隨緣利物荷澤無邊，十方眾生莫不知識。聞名欽德為知，覩形敬奉為識。但眾生有四根性，菩薩即以四種化之，即有四種知識。三藏三祇行滿百劫種相，大人相現、物所歸崇，名眾所知識。通教八地，道觀雙流神通利物，名眾所知識。別教登地、圓教初住，得如來一身無量身，現十界像隨緣利物，名眾所知識。未橫遍十方、竪高三土，為一切有緣之所知識。今諸菩薩皆是補處，橫遍竪高，一切有緣之所知識，故云眾所知識。若約觀心，三觀心明即德高名稱，是則聞名欽德覩形敬奉亦為眾所知識也。

From "known to the assembly" onward: third, praising their virtues, which has three parts: first, general; second, specific; third, conclusion. First, the general praise is the initial heading praising their virtues. If they lacked the virtues of practicing for themselves and transforming others, how could they be known to the assembly? These great beings benefit creatures according to conditions, their conferred bounty boundless; among sentient beings of the ten directions, none do not know and recognize them. Hearing their name and admiring their virtue is "knowing" (zhī); seeing their form and reverently attending upon them is "recognizing" (shí). But sentient beings have four faculties and natures, and bodhisattvas transform them with four methods, so there are four kinds of knowing and recognizing. In the Tripiṭaka teaching, completing practice over three asāṃkhyeya kalpas and planting the marks for a hundred kalpas, the marks of a great person appear and beings take refuge and revere them; this is called "known to the assembly". In the Shared teaching, on the eighth stage, the Way and contemplation flow together and supernatural powers benefit beings; this is called "known to the assembly". In the Distinct teaching entering the stages and the Complete teaching at the first dwelling, attaining the Tathāgata's one body that is immeasurable bodies and manifesting images in the ten realms to benefit beings according to conditions; this is called "known to the assembly". Those who do not yet pervade horizontally across the ten directions or ascend vertically through the three lands are known to all those with whom they have affinities. Now all these bodhisattvas are in the stage of succession to buddhahood; pervading horizontally and ascending vertically, they are known to all those with whom they have affinities; hence it says "known to the assembly". If based on the contemplation of mind: when the mind of the threefold contemplation is bright, virtue is high and the name is renowned; thus hearing the name and admiring virtue, and seeing the form and reverently attending, is also to be "known to the assembly".