維摩經略疏 3.83

3.83

問：沫等通為三乘作譬，何以非大？炎等亦為三乘，何以獨稱通教譬也？答：炎等非但為通三乘，亦為別圓，故是衍經之所用也。《攝大乘》云「依阿梨耶說如幻等八譬」，聚沫不爾，豈得為類？今釋十譬，譬生法兩空。若三藏教，多譬人空、少譬法空；但兩教雜說不分部者，正是隨機故也。

Question: If foam and so forth universally serve as similes for the three vehicles, why are they not Mahāyāna? If mirage and so forth are also for the three vehicles, why are they solely called similes of the shared teaching? Answer: Mirage and so forth are not only shared by the three vehicles, but are also for the distinct and complete [teachings]; therefore, they are what Mahāyāna sūtras use. The Mahāyānasaṃgraha says: “Relying on the ālaya[vijñāna], eight similes such as illusion are spoken.” A mass of foam is not like this, so how could it be classified together with them? Now, in interpreting the ten similes, they serve as similes for both the emptiness of sentient beings and the emptiness of dharmas. In the Tripiṭaka teaching, they mostly serve as similes for the emptiness of persons and rarely for the emptiness of dharmas; but that the two teachings are mixed without distinguishing their sections is precisely because of adapting to capacities.