維摩經略疏 9.4

9.4

問：此品不約因緣明義，何得約因緣三道為非道也？答：一切非道不出此三。何者？十界攝一切九皆非道，唯佛法界名為佛道。此經明不思議佛道，故九界非道皆是佛道。是九界道中，六道是有為十二緣，三乘是無為十二緣，即世出世二邊之道各有三道，不能通相從空入假順入不思議解脫之道，故皆非佛道。但此品不別明菩薩是非道者，以有四教菩薩道故，別圓入中即是佛道。復次方便菩薩皆有悲願，快順佛道，故不簡出實非佛道。若是佛道，淨名何故呵四菩薩八千之徒？復次此品明遍入諸道斷其因緣，豈不入方便教菩薩斷其有為無為緣集？

Question: Since this chapter does not explain its meaning in terms of causes and conditions, how can it take the three paths of causes and conditions to be the non-paths? Answer: All non-paths do not go beyond these three. Why so? The ten realms subsume everything; the nine are all non-paths, and only the Buddha dharma-realm is called the Buddha Path. This sūtra clarifies the inconceivable Buddha Path, and therefore the non-paths of the nine realms are all the Buddha Path. Among the paths of these nine realms, the six destinies are the conditioned twelve links of dependent origination, and the three vehicles are the unconditioned twelve links of dependent origination; that is, the paths of the two extremes, mundane and supramundane, each have three paths. Because they cannot enter the conventional from emptiness according to the general characteristic and accord with entering the path of inconceivable liberation, they are all not the Buddha Path. However, this chapter does not separately clarify that bodhisattvas are a non-path because there are bodhisattva paths of the four teachings; when the Separate and Round enter the Middle, that is itself the Buddha Path. Furthermore, expedience bodhisattvas all possess compassionate vows and swiftly accord with the Buddha Path, so they are not singled out as genuinely not the Buddha Path. If it were the Buddha Path, why would Vimalakīrti have rebuked the four bodhisattvas and their assembly of eight thousand? Furthermore, this chapter clarifies universally entering all paths to sever their causes and conditions; how could it not enter the bodhisattvas of the expedient teachings to sever their conditioned and unconditioned accumulation of conditions?