維摩經略疏 5.65

5.65

"As the Buddha said... up to... in suchness": fourth, citing the Buddha to provide proof and resolve Upāli's doubts. Why? Upāli thought to himself that the vinaya was laid down by the Buddha; what fault could there be in applying it according to these regulations? Therefore the Mahāsattva also cited the Buddha's own words—how could he not accept them? But the Buddha's words are of two kinds: first, the definitive meaning; second, the non-definitive meaning. How could one cling to the non-definitive words and not accept the definitive teaching? It was also to make the faith of the two monks clear and pure, and thus he cited the Buddha's words to break their doubts and attachments. If one were to follow this judgment and contravene the Buddha's words—in the vinaya, the Buddha asks with what mind one acted; if it was done with a defiled mind, whether light or heavy, it is entirely a transgression, and one cannot say it does not exist. The Mahāsattva then cited the Buddha's words: "Because the mind is defiled, sentient beings are defiled." One should know that transgressions arise from the mind; if one sees that sentient beings exist, there are defiled transgressions. If one knows that the mind is empty and without the characteristics of sentient beings, that is purity of mind; when the mind is pure, sentient beings are pure; and because sentient beings are pure, there are no defilements of transgression. Thus both the mind that knows and the mind that is known are neither within, without, nor in between; this is no-mind, and when there is no mind, how could there be defilement? Therefore it says: "Transgressions and defilements are also like this, and all phenomena are also like this." "Do not step outside of suchness": as the Dàpǐn says, "When a bodhisattva practices prajñā, they do not see any phenomenon that steps outside the dharma-nature; dharma-nature is simply another name for suchness."