維摩經略疏 5.7

5.7

Question: Entering what kind of samādhi enables one to know capacities and conditions? Answer: There are eight kinds of samādhi. The first six cannot know them; the latter two can. The first is the fundamental dark realization of the non-Buddhists, which originally does not illuminate capacity; if one enters this samādhi, one cannot know it. The second is that of ordinary people and non-Buddhists who, through severed obstructions, attain superknowledges without [true] knowledge: although they obtain [the knowledge of] others' minds, upon entering samādhi they can only know the thoughts of others' minds, yet cannot know their faculties. The third is that of the wisdom-liberated persons of the Tripiṭaka teaching, who obtain the eight kinds of samādhi within the active four noble truths; these fundamentally focus on principle, and also cannot illuminate capacity. The fourth is that of the doubly liberated persons of this [Tripiṭaka] teaching, who obtain the fundamental dhyānas through contemplation, refinement, steaming, and cultivation, giving rise to the knowledge of others' minds; this also only knows others' minds yet cannot illuminate capacity. The fifth is that of the wisdom-liberated persons of the shared teaching, who cultivate the eight samādhis within the unarisen four noble truths; these also focus on principle, and cannot illuminate capacity. The sixth is that of the doubly liberated persons of this [shared] teaching, who obtain the fundamental dhyānas through contemplation, refinement, steaming, and cultivation, giving rise to the knowledge of others' minds; they also only know others' minds, without perceiving capacities and conditions. The same is true of bodhisattvas [of this level]. The seventh is the bodhisattvas of the distinct teaching, who cultivate the eight samādhis within the immeasurable four noble truths; if they enter this samādhi, they know others' minds and perceive the capacities of beings. The eighth is the bodhisattvas of the perfect teaching, who cultivate the unconditioned eight samādhis, tranquil yet ever illuminating, knowing what is pondered in their minds and all their capacities and conditions. Here, based on the latter two, which both know thoughts and know faculties, he rebukes him for not entering these two samādhis.