維摩經略疏垂裕記 3.49

3.49

Second, explaining the three turnings. As for "vision, knowledge, illumination, and awakening," [Dao]xian says: The Kośa states: "In the path of seeing, patience regarding phenomena is called 'vision'; knowledge of phenomena is called 'knowledge'; subsequent patience is called 'illumination'; and subsequent knowledge is called 'awakening'. Observing and seeing is called vision, decisive judgment is called knowledge, illuminating comprehension is called illumination, and alert discernment is called awakening. Furthermore, vision knows the three times collectively, knowledge knows the past, illumination illuminates the future, and awakening knows the present. These are merely different names for the three clear knowledges. Each of the three turnings generates these four, hence they are called the twelve modes." As for "the great thousand," one thousand each of the four great continents, the sun and moon, Mount Sumeru, the desire heavens, and the Brahmā world is called a small-thousand realm. One thousand times this small-thousand is called a medium-thousand. One thousand times this medium-thousand is called a great-thousand realm.