淨名玄論 7.27

7.27

疾有二種：一者眾生以癡愛為疾本、二菩薩以大悲為病原。此則總攝能化所化，事無不盡。問：方丈二會可明現病，菴園兩集云何亦明疾耶？答：初會發其宗、後集成其說，皆是現病法門攝之。又四會雖殊，同是大悲所興，共拔癡愛之病，故皆為此門所攝。問：淨名何故現病耶？答：此有多門。取方便品意者，凡欲令物悟無常者，當因三衰，老病死也。老須年至，不可卒來；死則意滅，無以悟人；病可卒加而意不滅。故於三中現此身疾，因廣說法門。又淨名將還妙喜，故託疾毘耶，因廣說法門，則是最後利物。又癡愛是生死之根、大悲為群聖之本，今欲辨根本法門，故現疾也。又淨名位居菩薩，猶不離病；凡夫二乘，寧得免疾？欲離大患，宜求佛身。以欲說斯法，是故現病。

Illness is of two kinds: first, sentient beings take ignorance and craving as the root of illness; second, bodhisattvas take great compassion as the source of disease. This comprehensively subsumes the transformer and the transformed, leaving nothing unexhausted. Question: The two assemblies in the square-chamber room can elucidate the manifestation of disease, but how do the two gatherings in Āmrapālī's grove also elucidate illness? Answer: The first assembly opens its tenet, and the later gathering brings its explanation to completion; both are subsumed by the Dharma gate of manifesting disease. Furthermore, although the four assemblies differ, they all arise from great compassion and together pluck out the disease of ignorance and craving; therefore, they are all subsumed under this gate. Question: For what reason does Vimalakīrti manifest disease? Answer: There are many gates to this. Taking the intention of the "Chapter on Upāya": in general, if one wishes to cause beings to awaken to impermanence, one should rely on the three declines—old age, sickness, and death. Old age must await the arrival of years and cannot come suddenly; death extinguishes consciousness, having nothing with which to awaken people; sickness can be added suddenly while consciousness is not extinguished. Therefore, among the three, he manifests this physical illness and, on this basis, broadly speaks the Dharma gates. Furthermore, as Vimalakīrti was about to return to Abhirati, he lodged his illness in Vaiśālī and, on this basis, broadly spoke the Dharma gates, which was his final benefiting of beings. Furthermore, ignorance and craving are the roots of saṃsāra, and great compassion is the source of all sages; now, wishing to distinguish the fundamental Dharma gate, he manifests illness. Furthermore, although Vimalakīrti holds the rank of a bodhisattva, he is still not apart from sickness; how could ordinary people and the two vehicles be spared from illness? If one wishes to depart from great suffering, one should seek the Buddha-body. Because he wished to preach this Dharma, he manifested illness.