說無垢稱經疏 6.324

6.324

贊曰：二名號平等也。以諸佛法最上周圓究竟無盡，無盡即無極，三義等故，其名亦同。一同名，三藐三佛陀，謂正等覺。初三者正也，藐者等也，又三正也，佛陀覺者也。應云正覺者、等覺者、正覺者，合名正等覺者。初正覺者，異凡夫，凡夫耶覺故。次等覺者，異二乘，二乘唯知生空無我，偏覺法故。後正覺者，簡異菩薩，菩薩雖正覺等覺，未正圓滿覺諸法故。兩正名同，合名正等覺。二同名達他揭多，此云如來。《涅槃經》云「如過去諸佛所行妙行三十七品十一空等，來至涅槃，故名如來。如他修行，如他證理，來證涅槃，故名如來。」佛陀，覺者，具一切智、一切種智，能自開覺亦能開覺一切有情，如睡夢覺、如蓮花開。自覺覺他覺行圓滿，故名佛陀。佛有十號，但舉三者，正等覺智德也，覺諸法故；如來，斷德也，斷諸煩惱，顯真理斷，故名斷德；佛陀，恩德也，覺悟他故。又三最勝，所以偏彰。

The Commentary says: Second is the equality of names and titles. Because all the dharmas of Buddhas are foremost, all-encompassing, ultimate, and endless—endless meaning boundless—and because these three meanings are equal, their names are also the same. First, they are equally named Samyaksaṃbuddha, which means 'Completely and Perfectly Awakened One'. The first *sam* means 'correct', *yak* means 'equal', another *sam* means 'correct', and *buddha* means 'awakened one'. It should be 'Correctly Awakened One, Equally Awakened One, Correctly Awakened One', which together are named 'Completely and Perfectly Awakened One'. The first 'correctly awakened' distinguishes them from ordinary beings, for ordinary beings have erroneous awakening. Next, 'equally awakened' distinguishes them from the two vehicles, for the two vehicles only know the emptiness of persons and selflessness, having a partial awakening to phenomena. The latter 'correctly awakened' distinguishes them from bodhisattvas, for although bodhisattvas are correctly awakened and equally awakened, they have not yet correctly and fully awakened to all dharmas. The two instances of 'correct' share the same name, and together they are named 'Completely and Perfectly Awakened'. Second, they are equally named Tathāgata, translated here as 'Thus-Come'. The *Nirvāṇa Sūtra* states: 'Because they have practiced the wonderful practices practiced by the past Buddhas, the thirty-seven factors [of enlightenment], the eleven emptinesses, and so forth, and have come to Nirvāṇa, they are therefore named Tathāgatas. Because they have practiced just as others have practiced, realized the principle just as others have realized it, and come to realize Nirvāṇa, they are therefore named Tathāgatas.' *Buddha* means Awakened One, endowed with the all-knowledge and the knowledge of all aspects, able to enlighten oneself and also able to enlighten all sentient beings, like awakening from a dream, like a lotus blossoming. Having perfected self-awakening, awakening others, and the practice of awakening, one is therefore named Buddha. Although a Buddha has ten titles, only three are cited here: Samyaksaṃbuddha is the virtue of wisdom, because it awakens to all dharmas; Tathāgata is the virtue of abandonment, because it severs all afflictions and reveals the abandonment that is the true principle, hence it is called the virtue of abandonment; Buddha is the virtue of grace, because it enlightens others. Moreover, these three are the most supreme, which is why they are specifically highlighted.