佛說盂蘭盆經疏 2.67

2.67

This passage of the sūtra has two sections of meaning: the first half concerns escaping suffering through the power of compassionate vows; the second half concerns obtaining joy through the power of loving-kindness vows, and within joy there is a difference between the living and the dead. First, "these monks of pravāraṇā" refers back to those described in the five pairs. "Current parents" means the parents who gave birth to this body; it does not mean that those still living are called "current," which is why the benefit obtained is described as escaping the three wretched realms. As for parents who are currently living and have not died, the text below naturally says "they will enjoy blessings and joy for a hundred years," so this should not be repeated. The Tripiṭaka Master misunderstood and therefore gave a different explanation, which is far from the meaning of the text. "Six relatives" means parents, siblings, and husband and wife. "Family members" refers to all in-laws and kin, encompassing both maternal and paternal relations. "Escaping the three wretched realms and attaining liberation" is the general designation for leaving suffering. "Clothing and food naturally": this provisionally turns from the three wretched realms to birth among humans and gods, so it belongs to the text on relieving suffering; it may also be taken as obtaining joy, belonging to what follows. From "If their parents..." downward clarifies obtaining joy for the living and the deceased; the text is self-evident. "Heavenly radiance of flowers" refers to the light of wonderful heavenly flowers, briefly indicating the aspect of happiness.