首楞嚴義疏注經 2.302

2.302

茫然者，暝昧不明也。是見義既失，非見理復乖，終始難明，守歸何所？而不知能見所緣俱為勞相，是非即離，咸是緣塵。既法空之慧未開、智障之惑難破，由是非無學者一時惶悚。

'Bewildered' means dim, dark, and unclear. Since the meaning of 'is seeing' was lost, and the principle of 'not seeing' was also violated, beginning and end were difficult to clarify; where could their bearings turn? Yet they did not know that the seeing subject and conditioned objects are both marks of fatigue, and that affirmation, negation, identity, and separation are all conditioning dusts. Since the wisdom of the emptiness of dharmas was not yet opened and the delusion of cognitive obscuration was difficult to break through, because of this, those who were not non-learners were all at once terrified.