首楞嚴義疏注經 9.17

9.17

Having already departed from the eight sufferings of the desire realm, it is said, "cannot be oppressed." But because it is only the six practices subduing afflictions, it is said, "not true samādhi." In general, those who truly cultivate dhyāna do not manifest body or mind in the three realms; even if superior and wondrous signs of meditative absorption appear, they clearly know them themselves without clinging to them. Now here, although they attain a purity resembling samādhi, because of non-comprehension they relish it and take rebirth; yet because they can abandon the coarse movements of the distracted mind of desire, it is said, "the various outflows are unmoving." Therefore it is concluded that these three superior streams are collectively called the first dhyāna. The *Kośa* says: "The stage where joy and bliss are born of detachment; detached from the mixed evils of the desire realm, upon birth one obtains the bliss of pliancy (praśrabdhi)." However, the merits obtained in this first dhyāna have a grove of five factors: first, examination (vitarka); second, investigation (vicāra); third, joy (prīti); fourth, bliss (sukha); and fifth, one-pointedness of mind (ekāgratā). Their characteristics are as found in Tiantai's *Gradual Stages of the Dharmadhātu* (Fajie Cidi).