首楞嚴義疏注經 9.29

9.29

The three heavens of the second dhyāna are again superior to the lower stages, hence called "superior streams." Because they have attained supreme joy, it is said, "cannot be oppressed by any sorrow or anxiety." Although the first dhyāna obtains the factor of joy, supreme joy has not yet arisen; because it is coarse in the body, it merely achieves freedom from suffering, while sorrow and joy still stand in opposition. Now in this second dhyāna, the water of meditative absorption moistens the mind, the light of wisdom is bright and tranquil, the factor of joy is harmonious, and sorrow and anxiety do not arise; this is called the stage where joy and bliss are born of meditative absorption. "Coarse outflows have already been subdued": aspiring to the upper and reviling the lower is merely called subduing; because they are not severed, it is not called uncorrupted. However, this single stage possesses a grove of four factors: first, internal clarity; second, joy; third, bliss; and fourth, one-pointedness of mind; their characteristics are as usual.