首楞嚴義疏注經 9.85

9.85

3. The Formless Realm. In these four formless [heavens], there is no karmically resultant form; concentration is abundant and wisdom is deficient. Disgusted with the lower form-obstructions, they imagine boundless space; next, disgusted with the sphere of [boundless] space, up to being disgusted with nothingness, they take neither-perception-nor-non-perception to be ultimate nirvāṇa. These four kinds divide their stages. Although they lack karmically resultant form, they nevertheless possess concentration-resultant form as the support for consciousness; this is the Mahāyāna teaching that there are actual places [there]. As the Kośa says: 'The formless realm has no place; because there are four kinds of rebirth, relying upon nikāya-sabhāga and vital faculty, it causes the mind and so forth to continue.' Other sūtras say that there are formless sentient beings who listen to the Dharma by the Buddha's side, weeping tears like rain; this is said in accord with the Mahāyāna having concentration-resultant [form]. The preceding text also stated that the devas of the formless realm made vows to protect the dhāraṇī.